Dietary Nutrient Intake and Major Food Sources: the Nutrition and Health Survey of Taiwan Elementary School Children 2001-2002

臺灣國小學童的營養攝取狀況與食物來源

Shin-Jiuan Wu ； Wen-Harn Pan ； Nai-Hua Yeh ； Hsing-Yi Chang

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 16卷S2期 (2007/07) Pp. 518-533

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2007.16.s2.03

摘要

本研究的主要目的在瞭解臺灣國小學童的營養攝取狀況與食物來源。以2001～2002年進行的「臺灣國小學童營養健康狀況調查」中6～12歲學童2386個全國性樣本為對象，分析其二十四小時飲食回憶記錄中，不同性別、年齡及地區的國小學童，對各種營養素的攝取狀況及其食物來源。結果顯示6～12歲學童由三大營養素所提供的總熱量中，醣類佔53%、脂肪佔31%、蛋白質佔16%；學童除了鈣嚴重攝取不足與鈉攝取過量外，各種維生素與礦物質的平均攝取量皆超過或接近「台灣膳食營養素參考攝取量」（DRIs）與其他建議標準；但是不同年齡、性別與地區，仍有一部份學童的維生素與礦物質攝取量低於DRIs與其他建議標準。學童的飲食型態，呈現蔬菜、水果、五穀根莖類與乳製品攝取較少；肉魚蛋豆類、鹽/湯與油脂類攝取較多。建議政府與實務工作者，應留意國小學童的營養攝取問題，並提供適當的改善措施。

關鍵字

24-小時回憶法 ； 國小學童 ； 食物來源 ； 營養與健康調查 ； 膳食營養素參考攝取量

並列摘要

The aim of the study was to investigate nutrient intake and their dietary sources in Taiwanese children ages 6-12 years by analyzing the 24-hour recall data of 2386 participants from a nationally representative sample. Results showed that children in Taiwan were slightly lower in mean proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates (53.5% of energy intake) and higher in those from fats (30.8%) and protein (15.8%) as based on the recommendations of Department of Health in Taiwan. The mean intake of vitamins and of minerals by children was equivalent to or exceeded Daily Reference Intake of Taiwan (DRI) or other recommended standards with the exception of a seriously insufficient calcium intake and extremely high sodium intake. A substantial proportion of children in different age/gender/location strata had lower mean vitamin and mineral intake by DRI and other recommended standards. These nutrient profiles were mainly related to dietary patterns with relatively low intake of fruits, vegetables, cereals/grains, and dairy products, but high intake of the protein-rich foods, salt/sauces, and fats/oils. According to the suboptimal dietary nutrient profiles of Taiwanese children, particularly in the underprivileged areas, recommendations are made in this article for policy makers and health practitioners to consider in order to improve dietary quality of elementary school children.

並列關鍵字

24-hour recall ； elementary school children ； food sources ； Nutrition and Health Survey ； Daily Reference Intakes