Trend in Gender Disparities of BMI and Height between 2004 and 2011 among Adolescents Aged 17-18 Years in Changzhou China

目的：描述中国青少年超重、肥胖、低体重及身高变化趋势的性别差异。方法：本研究使用2004到2011年间常州市高中毕业生的健康体检数据（每年约7000人）。身高和体重由测量获得。超重、肥胖及低体重的定义采用国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）的标准。学校的经济水平根据学校周围房地产价格来决定。结果：2004到2011年间肥胖率略有增长（男性由3.7%增长到4.7%，女性由1.1%增长到1.5%），男女生超重率趋于稳定（男性在12%-15%之间，女性在7%-10%之间）。在大多数年份，低体重的比例在10%以上；1991年后出生的女生低体重比例显著上升，男生低体重率则明显下降。在男生中，学校经济状况和超重及肥胖呈正相关，与低体重呈负相关。男女身高均有显著增长。男生身高与体质指数呈正相关，女生身高和体质指数則反而呈负相关。结论：2004到2011年间高中毕业生中超重及肥胖率趋于稳定。1991年后出生的女生的低体重率明显增加，这一现象可能和经济收入增加有关。

關鍵字

中国；青少年；超重；趋势

並列摘要

Objectives: to describe the trend in gender disparities of overweight/obesity and underweight, as well as height, among Chinese adolescents. Methods: the study is based on population-based data from annual health checks of approximately 7,000 students finishing high school each year between 2004-2011. Height and weight were measured. Overweight/obesity and underweight were defined using International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. School level socioeconomic status (SES) was constructed based on real-estate prices near each school. Results: there was a slight increase in the prevalence of obesity between 2004 and 2011; 3.7% to 4.7% in boys and 1.1% to 1.5% in girls. The prevalence of overweight was quite stable in both genders (boys: 12%-15%; girls: 7%-10%). In most years, the prevalence of underweight was above 10%. The prevalence of underweight in girls born after 1991 increased dramatically. However, the opposite trend was seen in boys. School SES was positively associated with overweight and inversely associated with underweight among boys. There was a significant increase in height in both genders. Height and BMI was positively associated in boys but this relation was inversely associated in girls. Conclusion: between 2004 and 2011, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was plateauing among adolescents finishing high school. A substantial increase in the prevalence of underweight was observed among girls born after 1991 but this seemed to be positively associated with high SES.

並列關鍵字

Chinese ； adolescent ； overweight ； trend

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

Trend in Gender Disparities of BMI and Height between 2004 and 2011 among Adolescents Aged 17-18 Years in Changzhou China

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