Growth and Anaemia among Infants and Young Children for Two Years after the Wenchuan Earthquake

背景：为了监测中国汶川地震灾区婴幼儿营养不良的发病率和贫血的流行情况。方法：在地震后3个月、1年和2年分别调查了77名、102名和307名6-23个月龄婴幼儿的营养和健康状况，使用问卷收集和评估了相关信息，同时测定了人体测量学指标和血红蛋白浓度。结果：大多数家庭不能够为婴幼儿制作辅食，使这些儿童摄入与成人相同的食物，进食的数量和质量都很差。存在的主要营养问题包括儿童看护人缺乏婴幼儿喂养知识，仅有10%的新生儿出生后1小时内能吃到母乳，纯母乳喂养率较低。超过90%的儿童从来没有吃过营养素补充剂。地震后2年，婴幼儿营养不良患病率显著增加。与3个月时的结果相比较，2年后低体重率由未检出增加到5.9%，生长迟缓率由6.6%增加到10.8%，消瘦率由1.3%增加到4.0%；贫血患病率也显著增加，由36.5%增加到67.5%，女孩的贫血患病率显著高于男孩。结论：地震灾区婴幼儿营养状况不断恶化，贫血患病率较高。建议尽快采取相应的营养干预措施。

關鍵字

突发事件；婴幼儿；营养不良；贫血；地震

並列摘要

Background: In order to monitor malnutrition morbidity and anaemic prevalence of infants and young children in rural disaster areas affected by Wenchuan earthquake. Methods: About three months, one year and two years after earthquake (including 77, 102 and 307 children, respectively), by using the questionnaires, information on nutritional and health status of infants and young children aged 6-23 months was collected and evaluated, and anthropometry and haemoglobin concentration were measured. Results: Most of families could not prepare complementary foods for their children so that the children only ate the same meals as adults which resulted in very poor situation in the quantity and quality of complementary food for infants and young children. The main nutritional problems in children included the lack of feeding knowledge in parents; only 10% children could have breast feeding within one hour after delivery, and the basic exclusive breastfeeding was lower. More than 90% children never received nutrient supplements. The malnutrition prevalence was significantly increased two years after the earthquake. The decrease of body weight was rapid (underweight prevalence from 0 at three months to 5.9% after two years), and then a lasting effect resulted in decrease of length shown by stunting prevalence from 6.6% at three months to 10.8% after two years and wasting prevalence from 1.3% at three months to 4.0% after two years. From three months to two years after earthquake, anaemic prevalence markedly increased from 36.5% to 67.5% and the increasing percentage of anaemia was more obvious in girls than boys. Conclusion: The child's nutritional status continuously worsened and anaemic prevalence was high in areas affected by the earthquake. It is recommended that in the future nutrition interventions should begin immediately.

並列關鍵字

emergency ； infants and young children ； malnutrition ； anaemia ； earthquake

參考文獻

Nishikiori N, Abe T, Costa DG, Dharmaratne SD, Kunii O, Moji K. Who died as a result of the tsunami? Risk factors of mortality among internally displaced persons in Sri Lanka: a retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Public Health. 2006;6: 73-80. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-73.

Young H, Jaspars S. Nutrition assessments, food security and Famine. Disasters. 1995;19:26-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1467- 7717.1995.tb00330.x.

Huang C, Li Z, Wang M, Martorell R. Early life exposure to the 1959-1961 Chinese famine has long-term health consequences. J Nutr. 2010;140:1874-8. doi: 10.3945/jn.110. 121293.

Kanade A, Deshpande S, Patil K, Rao S. Prevalence of high blood pressure among young rural adults in relation to height in childhood and adult body mass index. J Am Coll Nutr. 2011;30:216-23. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.107199 63.

Victora CG, Adair L, Fall C, Hallal PC, Marrorell R, Richter L, Sachdev HS, for the Maternal and Child Undernutrition Study Group. Maternal and child undernutrition: consequences for adult health and human capital. Lancet. 2008;371:340-57. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61692-4.

國際替代計量

Growth and Anaemia among Infants and Young Children for Two Years after the Wenchuan Earthquake

全文下載

主題瀏覽