Dietary Survey of Anaemic Infants and Young Children in Urban areas of China: a Cross-Sectional Study

中国城市贫血儿童和非贫血儿童膳食情况调查：一项横断面研究

Ni Jia ； Shuaiming Zhang ； Tao Li ； Zangwen Tan ； Yan Yin ； Li Chen ； Caihong Li ； Aihua Liu ； Jacques G Bindels ； Yaohua Dai

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 24卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 659-664

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.4.05

摘要

背景与目的：调查辅食添加期间，贫血和非贫血儿童喂养和膳食情况。方法与研究设计：选择中国5个城市（北京、上海、南京、成都和深圳）6－36月龄儿童，每个城市选择1个代表性的地区150名儿童，其中6－12月龄、12－24月龄和24－36月龄各50名，共750例儿童。通过24小时回顾法调查其膳食情况，使用HEMO Cue检测其血红蛋白。利用食物成份数据计算分析儿童一天膳食营养情况。结果：总的贫血患病率为9.7%。其中，6－12月龄儿童最高，为17.2%。6－12月龄儿童中，贫血儿童一天膳食摄入的8种营养素（蛋白质、维生素A、维生素B－1、维生素C、钙、铁、锌和铜）的中位数比非贫血儿童低（p＜0.05）；12－24月龄儿童中，贫血儿童一天膳食摄入的维生素A的中位数比非贫血儿童低（p＜0.05）。分析铁的食物来源情况，市售辅食为贫血和非贫血儿童的铁的主要来源（6－12月龄儿童分别为2.28和3.69 mg；12－24月龄儿童分别为2.06和2.09 mg）。贫血儿童配方奶粉的铁来源低于非贫血儿童（6－12月龄儿童分别为0.88和2.54 mg；12－24月龄儿童分别为1.59和2.87mg）。6－12月龄贫血儿童的继续母乳喂养率显著性高于非贫血儿童（分别为65% 和37%，p＜0.05）。结论：贫血儿童的膳食营养水平比非贫血儿童低，尤其是6－12月龄的婴幼儿；继续母乳喂养的儿童，尤其是大年龄母乳喂养的儿童，需要通过合理的喂养行为改善膳食营养以减少贫血。

關鍵字

贫血 ； 婴幼儿 ； 膳食营养 ； 继续母乳喂养 ； 城市

並列摘要

Background and Objectives: To explore the diet characteristics of anaemic infants and young children of China, blood tests and diets surveys were conducted in five cities. Methods and Study Design: About 150 children aged 6-36 mo were selected in a typical community health center of each city, and the total sample was 750. Nutritional status was measured through 24h dietary recall method and HEMO Cue was used for Haemoglobin concentration testing. Results: The average prevalence of anaemia was 17.2% in 6-12 mo children, which was higher than in other age groups. Median intakes of 8 nutrients (protein, vitamin A, B-1 and C, calcium, iron, zinc and copper) in anaemic children were less than non-anaemic children (p＜0.05) in 6-12 mo olds; at age 12-24 mo the intake of vitamin A in anaemic children was less than in non-anaemic children (p＜0.05). Market complementary food was the main source of iron in both anaemic and non-anaemic children (6-12 mo olds: 2.28 and 3.69 mg; 12-24 mo olds: 2.06 and 2.09 mg, respectively). Iron intake from formula was lower in anaemic children than in nonanaemic children (6-12 mo olds: 0.88 vs 2.54 mg; 12-24 mo olds: 1.59 vs 2.87 mg). The proportion of children obtaining continued breastfeeding in anaemic children was significantly higher than in non-anaemic children aged 6-12 mo (65% vs 37%, p＜0.05). Conclusions: Appropriate practices around continuing breastfeeding and complementary feeding particularly targeted to breast fed older infants and young children are needed to reduce anaemia in infants and young children.

並列關鍵字

anaemia ； infant and young child ； diet nutrients ； continuing breastfeeding ； urban areas