台北地區老年人調適策略與自評健康的關係

Coping and Perceived Health of the Aged in Taipei City

張珏(Chueh Chang) ； 黃茂芳(Mao-Fang Huang) ； 張素滿(Su-Man Chang)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 9卷2期 (1989/06) Pp. 69-82

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1989-09-02-02

摘要

台北縣市1519名65歲以上的老人為分析對象。以期了解目前一般老人，在感到不如意時，通常採取那些調這的行為和策略。並探究老人的基本資料（如年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度等）與其調適行為之間關係。再者，就老人自評健康與否的結果，配合各人的基本資料，分析兩者之間相互影響的情形：結果發現，在二十一項列舉的調適行為當中，一般最常發現的前五項是；“無論如何要靠自已”，“既然發生了就接受它”，“順其白然”，“休息一下，冷靜後再去面對問題”以及“不想去多想它”。若對此二十一個項目作因素分析，則有四大類型：即情緒取向，解決問題取向，認命接受取向，及尋求社會支援取向。其中情緒取向，以女性或教育程度低者為多。問題解決取向，則以年輕型老人，教育較高者，都市化程度為第一級者為多，女性則以在單親，倆老核心家庭中較多採之。
預測自評健康的因素有：解決問題的調適策略，高教育，有健檢行為，已婚，同居者及較少負面情緒者，其預測力為12.8%。

並列摘要

In order to understand the coping behaviors and strategies during a crisis as well as those factors related to self-perceived health status, 1519 subjects aged 65 and over, who were noninstitutionalized and resided in Taipei City and Taipei County, were interviewed with a household survey. Results show that: (1) Among 21 items of coping behavior, the most frequent five were ”depend on self anyway”, ”accept it”, ”follow nature”, ”rest awhile, calm down, then face the reality”, and ”not mention it”. (2) Using factor analysis, the four principal factors were being emotionally oriented, problem-solving oriented, accepting, and searching for social support. (3) The seven significant predictors of self-perceived health were identified as having problem-solving oriented coping strategies, higher education, routine health check ups, being married, and being less emotionally oriented.

並列關鍵字

Aged ； Coping behavior ； Psychosomatic medicine