社區民眾從事體能活動之研究

A Study on Participation of Physical Activities of Community Residents

季瑋珠(Wei-Chu Chie) ； 符春美(Chun-Mei Fu)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 11卷4期 (1992/12) Pp. 328-340

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1992-11-04-07

摘要

本研究之目的在於探討社區民眾自發性體能活動進行的情況，民眾如何組織、如何參與，藉以發掘蘊藏於社區中的健康資源，並比較社區間之不同，以作爲衛生政策與計畫之參考。同時採用問卷調查法及對各活動團體之田野調查法，透過量化與質化資料分析，對此問題作一深入而廣泛的了解。研究之社區採立意取樣，分別爲台北市康莊社區（松山區敦厚、六藝二里）、台北縣新莊市頭前社區（頭前、化成二里），與台北縣貢寮鄉龍門、貢寮二村，代表大都市、衛星城市與鄉村地區。結果發現只有39.1%的受訪者，從事固定體能活動，且爲高度個人化的行爲，唯家庭仍有相當的影響力，有57.1%的因定運動者有家人陪同。從事因定運動爲男性、都市居民、高教育程度及社經地位者的特質。社區正式組織影響力及號召力甚微，硬體設施亦不足。但較少運動的鄉村居民卻極熱心從事與其切身利益相關的活動。本研究建議社區保健工作者參考吸引民眾高度熱心的社區活動的實例，充實軟硬體設備，利用工作場所及家庭等資源，提倡有益身心社會的體能活動，藉著社區參與、有組織的社區努力達到全民健康的目的。

關鍵字

社區 ； 體能活動

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are to investigate the spontaneous physical activities in the community, to study their organization, the participation of community people, in order to find out the hidden health resources in the community. The author also compared the differences among different communities, and give suggestions to health policy and planning. In this study both questionnaire interview and field method, and both quantitative and qualitative data analysis were used to obtain the result. The study samples were drawn through purposeful systematic sampling, which are: Kang-chuang community in Taipei City, Tou-chien community in Shin-chuang city, and Lung-men and Kung-liao community in Kungliao rural township, standing for urban, satellite city, and rural areas.
The results showed that only 39.1% of the subjects had regular exercise, and these actitives were highly individualized, while the family still had its influence, 57.1% of the regular exerciser had at least one family member taking exercise with them. Male, urban residents, people of high education and SES tended to exercise regularly. The formal organizations in the community had little influences. The handware for exercise was also inadequate. However, those rural people exercising seldomly showed great enthusism in those activities related to their own interest. The authors hoped the health workers in the community borrow the experiences from those activities highly related to the residents’ interests, strengthen the hardware and software in the community, mobilize the existing resources such as family and worksite, initiate physical activities which are good for people's physical, mental and social well-being, and finally reach the goal of ”health for all” through community involvement, and organized community efforts.

並列關鍵字

Physical activities ； community