社區民眾規律運動行為之相關因素探討：以臺北市某行政區為例

本研究旨在探討社區民眾規律運動行為分布情形，與背景變項、運動健康信念、運動社會支持、運動自我效能、運動環境之間的關係及各研究變項對規律運動行為的預測力。以萬華區次分區分層抽樣，參加107年10月流感設站之50歲以上民眾，自由意願填寫問卷。總共發出420份問卷，有效問卷398份，回收率為89%。結果歸納如下: 一、研究對象有規律運動行為者佔244人(61.3%)，男生86人(35.25%)、女生158人(64.75%)，以在公園180人(45.1%)、住家附近街道94人(23.6%)運動為多；研究對象之婚姻狀況、使用運動手錶經驗及自覺健康狀況與規律運動行為有顯著差異。二、研究對象的規律運動行為與運動障礙認知呈負相關，與運動利益認知、行動線索、住家附近運動器材或設備、住家附近運動場所數量呈正相關。三、運動自我效能、運動障礙認知、運動利益認知對運動參與程度具影響力，達顯著差異，共同的解釋力為10.9%。而以運動自我效能的影響力最大，其次為運動自我障礙認知、運動自我利益認知。亦即運動自我效能越高，運動障礙認知越低、運動利益認知越強，越能增加運動參與的行為。四、本研究運動自我效能、運動障礙認知程度、住家附近運動器材或設備數量，可有效預測規律運動行為，且居家附近有運動器材或設備者(勝算比為1.817)有較高的預測力。根據本研究結果可於社區民眾住家附近之公園及校園外圍步道，建置可近性的友善安全運動環境，提供可及性的運動設備器材，使民眾自主管理養成規律運動習慣，提高身體活動量，達到健康促進的目的。

關鍵字

社區民眾；規律運動；自我效能；健康信念；運動環境

並列摘要

The purposes of this study was to explore the distribution of regular exercise behaviors among community members. The relationship between personal traits, exercise health beliefs, exercise social support, exercise self-efficacy, and sports environment were discussed. The predictive power of each research variable on regular exercise behavior was also investigated. The participants were resisdents above 50-year-old in Wanhua District who participated in the vaccination in October, 2018. A total of 420 questionnaires were issued and 398 valid questionnaires were collected with a recovery rate of 89%. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Participants with regular exercise behavior were 61.3% (244/398). 35.25% of the participants are male and 64.75% are female. The place that most participants taking exercise were in the park (45.1%), and on the street around the house (23.6%). The participants' regular exercise behavior had significant difference in marital status, with/without experience of using sports watches, and participants' health condition awareness. 2. The participant's regular exercise behavior is negatively correlated with exercise barriers perception, and is positively correlated with perception of exercise benefits, action clues, sports equipment near home, and the number of sports venues near home. 3. Self-efficicy of exercise, perception of exercise barriers, and perception of exercise benefits, all had influence on the level of exercise participation, and had a combined explanatory power of 10.9%. Self-efficicy of exercise had the greatest influence, followed by perception of exercise benefits and perception of exercise barriers. That is, the higher the self-efficacy of exercise, the lower the cognitive impairment of sports and the stronger the awareness of sports interests, the more of participants increases their sports participation. 4. Self-efficacy of exercise, perception of exercise barriers, and number of sports equipment near home, can effectively predict participants' regular exercise behavior. Among them, sport equipment near home (with an odds ratio of 1.871) had higher predictability. According to the results of this study, we suggest to build a friendly and safe sports environment in the vicinity of the parks and campus trails around the community, to provide accessible sports equipment and enhance regular exercise habits for the community residents.

並列關鍵字

community residents ； regular exercise ； health beliefs ； self-efficacy ； sports environment

參考文獻

季瑋珠、符春美(1992)。社區民眾從事體能活動之研究。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌，11(4)，328-340。

林佑真、溫啟邦、衛沛文(2007)。台灣地區成年人之休閒運動行為與健康行為、健康狀況、健康相關生活品質之關係探討。台灣公共衛生雜誌，26(3)，218-228。

謝淑芬(2001)。已婚職業婦女與全職家庭主婦對休閒活動參與阻礙與阻礙協商策略差異之研究。戶外遊憩研究，14(2)，63-84。

Estabrooks, P. A., Glasgow, R. E., & Dzewaltowski, D. A. (2003). Physical activity promotion through primary care. JAMA, 289(22), 2913-2916. doi:10.1001/jama.289.22.2913

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891. doi:10.3758/brm.40.3.879

國際替代計量

社區民眾規律運動行為之相關因素探討：以臺北市某行政區為例

主題瀏覽