免洗餐具表面塑膠材質於熱處理過程中變化現象

The Study of Plastic Surface of Food Vessel Disposable During Thermal Process

陳昭雄(Jau-Shyong Chen) ； 方國權(Guor-Cheng Fang)

《中華民國營養學會雜誌》 20卷3期 (1995/07) Pp. 269-278

https://doi.org/10.6691/JCNS.199507_20(3).0007

摘要

將聚苯乙烯及紙製免洗餐具分別使用烘箱中加熱及微波照射方式，探討其免洗餐具塑膠材質在熱處理過程中之變化情形。烘箱溫度設定為 50℃、75℃和100℃；加熱時間分別設定為15和30分鐘。微波照射功率設定為500W和1000W；照射時間分別設定為5和10分鐘。以氣相層析法分析聚苯乙烯免洗餐具之揮發性單體化合物含量，發現烘箱加熱溫度越高，加熱時間越長，免洗餐具中的單體含量下降值越高。50℃加熱15及30分鐘，其單體含量分別下降2.0%和5.0%。同樣加熱時間，75℃和100℃的單體含量分別下降5.9%、11.0%和14.4%、 19.8%。由實驗結果亦發現，微波照射的功率越高，照射時間越長，聚苯乙烯免洗餐具中的單體含量將也越低。在微波輸出功率為500W，照射時間為5及10分鐘時，免洗餐具中的單體含量分別下降4.1%、10.2%。然而當微波輸出功率為1000W時，免洗餐具中的單體含量則分別下降13.5%、 23.2%。以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察及比較各種熱處理方式對於聚苯乙烯及紙製免洗餐具之表面材質之影響時，發現聚苯乙烯免洗餐具之表面材質之氣室及紙製免洗餐具表面材質之聚乙烯膠粒在高溫及較高微波功率的加熱會發生氣室破裂及膠粒熔融的情形。

並列摘要

Plastic food vessel disposable made of polystyrene was heated by means of oven and microwave to study its changes during thermal process. The ovens temperature was set on 50℃, 75℃ and 100℃; heating time was set on 15 and 30 min. separately. Radiation rate for microwave was set on 500 and 1000W and heating time was set on 5 and 10 min, respectively. The data analysis by gasiquid chromatography showed that the more temperature and heating times were processed, the less volatile monomer compounds contents were released. The monomer compounds values were reduced 2.0 and 5.0% when the temperature were set on 50℃ for 15 and 30 min, respectively. This phenomena was also reflect on 75℃ and 100℃ The results were 5.9%, 11.0% for 75℃ and 14.4%, 19.8% for 100℃. The experimental data were also shown that the microwave's radiation produce the same results as oven. When microwave produce 500 Watt, the monomer content was reduced 4.1 and 10.2% as time was set 5 and 10 mm., respectively. However, when microwave has 1000 Watt output rate, the monomer content was reduced 13.5 and 23.2% with the same heating time condition. According to the analysis data by scanning electron microscope (SEM), we found that the chamber collapse and collidal fussion phenomena occur when food vessel dispoable during high temperature and high microwave output heating pcocess.

並列關鍵字

Food vessels disposable ； polystyrene ； polyethylene ； scanning electron microscope ； microwave