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張載“太虛即氣”說辨析

An Exposition of Zhang Zai's Proposition, "Taixü ji Qi"

摘要


本文旨在探討張載「太虛即氣」說之義涵。全文依據以下三步驟展開討論:首先,本文將扼要陳述「唯物說」(materialism)、「體用圓融說」(Synthesis of reality and appearance)以及「虛氣不二說」(Unity of taixu and qi)等三種研究虛氣關係的重要詮釋。其次,本文將重新檢視「唯物說」與「體用圓融說」的論據,並指出唐君毅先生所提之「虛氣不二說」更能說明張載思想中的虛氣關係。最後,本文將在「虛氣不二說」的基礎上,說明太虛與氣乃是「一而有分」的關係。

並列摘要


Zhang Zai affirmed the intriguing proposition that, ”Tai xü ji qi” (Supreme emptiness is just qi). However, there is little agreement as to the meaning and significance of this proposition. This study first identifies three main interpretations of this proposition in terms of a) ”materialism”, b) ”synthesis of reality and appearance”, and c) ”unity of taixü and qi”. Next, finding serious problems with the ”materialism” and ”synthesis of reality and appearance” accounts, it goes on to demonstrate that Tang Junyi's reading in terms of ”unity of taixü and qi” offers the best explanation of Zang Zai's proposition. Finally, drawing upon Tang's ”unity of taixü and qi” reading, this study concludes that the terms ”taixü” and ”qi” are best understood as referring to two aspects of the same thing.

參考文獻


李增(1983)。張載「氣」之研究。輔仁大學哲學論集。16(45)
柳秀英(2002)。張載「太虛即氣」詮釋異說研究。美和技術學院學報。21,78-93。
陳立驤(2001)。張載天道論性格之衡定。鵝湖月刊。311,48。
唐君毅(1990)。哲學論集。台北:台灣學生。
唐君毅(1990)。哲學論集。台北:台灣學生。

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