福山試驗林闊葉林生態系生物量與葉面積指數的累積與分布

Biomass and Leaf Area Index Estimates of Broadleaf Forests in Fu-shan Forest

林國銓(Kuo-Chuan Lin) ； 洪富文(Fu-Wen Horng) ； 游漢明(Han-Ming Yu) ； 馬復京(Fu-Ching Ma)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 9卷4期 (1994/12) Pp. 299-315

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.199412.0299

摘要

在宜蘭福山地區的暖溫帶闊葉雨林中，選擇不同孔隙更新時期的兩種林分－建造期與成熟期，各設立一樣區(20m×20m)，以全刈法測定及估算林分生物量及葉面積指數(LAI)。
建造期林分的生物量為196.9 ton/ha，其中喬木佔最大比例為75.5%，灌木及地被植物次之，為21.9%；枯枝落葉層最低；而成熟期林分的生物量高出很多達289.6 ton/ha，喬木所佔比例更高為93.6%，灌木及地被植物只佔4.8%，最小量也是枯枝落葉層。此二林分的生物量大多聚集在11.3 m以下，且各高度均勻分布。成熟期喬木的LAI達5.83，高出建造期者的2.81甚多，顯示成熟期林分的上層樹冠較鬱閉，而建造期林分以分布在灌木及地被植物為主。全林分的LAI成熟期8.39，也高於建造期的5.71。
與蓮華池類似闊葉林比較，福山成熟期林分的地上部生物量及LAI皆略低，但相差有限。與雨量相似的其它熱帶雨林比較，則福山成熟期林分的生物量都較低，但LAI卻相近。其原因可能是颱風定期的干擾，限制福山地區生物量的累積，但葉的生長卻能迅速恢復。至於建造期林分的地上部生物量及LAI偏低，應是正進行孔隙更新所造成。

關鍵字

建造期 ； 成熟期 ； 孔隙更新 ； 生物量 ； 葉面積指數

並列摘要

In Fu-shan hardwood forest ecosystem, two sampling plots representing stands at building and mature phase during gap regeneration were selected. All trees in the plots and all shrubs and herbs in subplots were removed and weighted, and the distribution and accumulation of biomass and leaf area index of the stands were calculated.
The aboveground biomass of the stand in building phase was 196.9 ton/ha, of which 75.5% consisted of trees and 21.9% was shrub and herb. The above-ground biomass of the stand in mature phase was 289.6 ton/ha, of which 93.6% consisted of trees. The majority of biomass in both stands concentrated below 11.3 m in height. The leaf area index (LAI) of the mature-phase stand (8.39) was larger than that in building-phase stand (5.70), but the tree layer LAI of the former (5.83) was more than double that of the latter (2.80). This indicates better development of the upper canopy in the mature-phase stand.
The aboveground biomass and LAI of the mature-phase stand in Fu-shan area were similar to those of the same type of stand in Lien-hua-chi area. Compared with tropical rain forest with similar annual rainfall, the mature-phase stand in Fu-shan accumulated less biomass but had similar LAI. Disturbances by typhoons in Fu-shan forest may affect the accumulation of woody biomass, but leaf biomass can recover rapidly. The low aboveground biomass and LAI of the building-phase stand may be controlled by the processes of gap regeneration.

並列關鍵字

Building-phase ； mature-phase ； gap regeneration ； biomass ； leaf area index (LAI)