四分法成就需求架構之驗證及其對成就目標導向模式的調節效果

Testing a Quadripolar Framework of Achievement Need and its Moderating Effect on a Model of Achievement Goal Orientation

江民瑜(Min-Yu Chiang) ； 程炳林(Biing-Lin Cherng)

《教育心理學報》 43卷2期 (2011/12) Pp. 397-418

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.20100615

摘要

本研究主要目的有（1）檢驗四分法成就需求在適應性與不適應性學習組型的差異情形：（2）分析四分法成就需求對成就目標導向模式的調節作用。樣本選取共抽取高雄市16所國中63個班級1780名學生，蒐集的資料以多變量變異數分析、結構方程模式多樣本分析進行統計考驗。研究結果顯示（1）求成需求與避敗需求呈低度負相關，支持四分法成就需求的觀點：（2）在適應性學習組型的興趣與自我效能，成功導向組顯著高於過分努力組；早在成功期望，失敗逃避組顯著高於失敗接受阻；在不適應性學習組型的自我設限與逃避生疏。過分努力組顯著高於成功導向組；在逃避生疏，失敗逃避組顯著高於失敗接受組；（3）多樣本分析結果顯示，四組在精熟課室目標結構影響個人精熟目標導向有顯著差異。最後，根據研究結果提出相關課室實務與未來研究建議。

關鍵字

不適應性學習組型 ； 四分法成就需求 ； 個人目標導向 ； 適應性學習組型 ； 課室目標結構

並列摘要

This study aims at testing: (a) the application of a quadripolar framework of need for achievement to differentiate students with adaptive and maladaptive patterns of learning; (b) the moderating effect of the achievement need model on achievement goal orientation. The sample consisted of 1780 seventh-to-ninth graders representing 63 classrooms from 16 schools in Kaohsiung City. Multivariate analyses and structural equation modeling using multi samples were conducted. Results indicated: (a) a low and negative correlation between success achievement need and failure avoidance need, which confirms the hypothesis of the quadripolar model; (b) In the adaptive patterns of learning group, success-oriented individuals were significantly higher than overstrivers on academic interest and self-efficacy, and failure-avoiders were significantly higher than failure-acceptant s on the expectance of success; (c) In the maladaptive patterns of learning group, overstrivers were significantly higher than success-oriented individuals on self-handicapping and novelty avoidance, and failure-avoiders were significantly higher than failure-acceptants on novelty avoidance; (d) results of multi-sample analysis indicated that the structural parameters on the model of achievement goal orientation were significantly different among the four groups. The results and implications for intervention and future research were addressed.

並列關鍵字

adaptive and maladaptive patterns of learning ； classroom goal structure ； individual goal orientation ； quadripolar framework of need for achievement

參考文獻

吳靜吉、程炳林(1992)。激勵的學習策略量表之修訂。測驗年刊。39，59-78。

李玫蓉、程炳林(2005)。趨向表現目標的類別及其與適應性學習組型之關係。教育心理學報。37(1)，61-78。

陳嘉成(2002)。成就目標、行動控制取向與數學能力知覺的中介效果對國中生數學學習行為組型之關係研究。教育與心理研究。25（下），629-656。

彭月茵(2002)。目標層次、回饋訊息對數學工作表現與學習動機之效果︰考量國中生的控制信念(碩士論文)。國立成功大學教育研究所。

彭淑玲、程炳林(2005)。四向度課室目標結構、個人目標導向與課業求助行為之關係。師大學報︰教育類。50(2)，69-95。