中部地區學齡前幼兒飲食行為與排便習慣之相關研究

Correlation of Dietary Behavior and Bowel Habits of Preschool Children in Central Taiwan

駱明潔(Ming-Jae Lo) ； 李小芬(Hsiao-Fen Lee)

《臺灣營養學會雜誌》 41卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.201603_41(1).0001

摘要

本研究旨在探討幼兒飲食行為與排便習慣之現況、兩者間相關性以及不同背景變項幼兒在飲食行為與排便習慣的差異情形。採用問卷調查方式進行探究，以自編問卷為研究工具，採分層隨機抽樣方式抽取中部地區就讀於公私立立案幼兒園1,145位之3-6足歲幼兒，有效樣本數為1,012人。以描述性及推論性統計方法進行分析。研究結果如下：一、幼兒飲食行為三層面之表現，以每日零食攝取情形表現最佳（M=3.45），其它依序為六大類食物攝取情形（M=2.94）及食物喜好情形（M=2.59），飲食行為總量表得分（M=2.99），接近中等偏正向的行為。二、幼兒整體飲食行為表現，會因居住地區不同，呈現顯著差異。三、中部地區幼兒的排便習慣表現良好（M=3.48）；且幼兒排便習慣，會因性別不同而有顯著差異，其中男生排便習慣優於女生。四、幼兒的飲食行為三層面及總量表與排便習慣呈現正相關。五、幼兒六大類食物攝取情形、每日零食攝取情形及其性別，可以解釋其排便習慣9.4%的變異量。依據本研究發現，培養幼兒均衡的攝取六大類食物及減少零食攝取的飲食行為，對於其正常及規律之排便習慣是有所助益的。

關鍵字

學齡前幼兒 ； 飲食行為 ； 排便習慣

並列摘要

This research surveyed the current state of dietary behaviors and bowel habits of preschool children and correlations between them. Additionally, differences in children’s demographic characteristics were analyzed in terms of dietary behaviors and bowel habits. A self-designed questionnaire was created for the purpose of this research. Using stratified random sampling, the survey was sent to 1145 children between the ages of 3 and 6 years enrolled in registered private and public preschools in central Taiwan, and the effective sample size was 1012. This research utilized descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to analyze the data. Results were as follows: 1. Of three categories assessing children’s dietary behavior, survey respondents scored the highest in ＂Daily snack intake,＂ (M=3.45) followed by ＂Six major food group intake,＂ (M=2.94) and then ＂Food preferences.＂ (M=2.59) The ＂Overall dietary behavior score＂ (M=2.99) was in the medium to slightly above medium range. The survey assessment of children’s bowel habits was good (M=3.48). 2. It was found that the location of the residence was a statistically significant factor that affected a child’s dietary behaviors. 3. There was a significant association between bowel habits and the gender of children. Specifically, bowel habits of boys were better than those of girls. 4. Bowel habits of children were positively correlated with the three categories and the overall dietary behavior score. 5. A child’s ＂Six major food group intake,＂ ＂Daily snack intake,＂ and gender can be used to predict a child’s bowel habits and accounted for 9.4% of the variance. This study concluded that encouraging children to have balanced intake of six major food groups and reducing snack dietary behavior would be helpful in establishing normal and regular bowel habits in preschool children.

並列關鍵字

preschool children ； dietary behavior ； bowel habits