壓力性損傷的營養篩檢與營養介入

Nutritional Screening and Interventions in Pressure Injury

洪窕淇(Tiao-Chi Hung) ； 劉香蘭(Hsiang-Lan Liu)

《台灣營養學會雜誌》 43卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 57-64

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.201906_43(2).0003

摘要

壓力性損傷是臥床病人常見的問題，不僅會降低病人生活品質、增加死亡率，還會帶來龐大的醫療花費，因此，它的預防和照護非常重要。營養不良是壓力性損傷最主要的危險因子，所有病人在入住醫療機構時，都應該由第一線醫護人員進行營養篩檢，營養篩檢後判斷為營養不良或有營養不良風險的所有病人，都應該轉介給營養師進行完整的營養評估與介入。充足的營養在傷口癒合過程中扮演非常重要的角色，必須提供足夠的熱量、蛋白質、胺基酸（精胺酸、麩醯胺酸）、維生素A、維生素C、維生素K、鋅和水份。本文就壓力性損傷病人適用的營養篩檢工具和在傷口癒合過程中所需要的營養做介紹。

關鍵字

壓力性損傷 ； 壓瘡 ； 營養篩檢 ； 傷口癒合

並列摘要

Pressure injury is a common problem in bedridden patients. It not only reduces the quality of life and increases mortality, but also causes huge medical costs. Accordingly, its prevention and management are very important. A poor nutritional status has been identified as a major risk factor for pressure injury. Nutritional screening should be conducted on admission by frontline medical staff. When a nutrition risk is encountered, there should be an automatic referral to a registered dietitian for a comprehensive nutrition assessment and intervention. Nutrition plays an important role in the healing of pressure injuries. Adequate energy, protein, amino acids (arginine and glutamine), vitamins A, C, and K, zinc, and fluids must be provided. This review introduces nutritional screening tools and nutrients needed for wound healing in patients with pressure injury.

並列關鍵字

pressure injury ； pressure ulcer ； nutritional screening ； wound healing