金門地區觀光發展衝擊認知之研究

A Study on the Perception of Tourism Impacts in Kin-Men

歐聖榮(Sheng-Jung Ou) ； 顏宏旭(Hung-Hsu Yen)

《戶外遊憩研究》 7卷4期 (1994/12) Pp. 61-89

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.1994.7(4)5

摘要

本研究之主要目的即在了解居民與遊客對觀光發展之認知及探討觀光遊憩衝擊之層面，以供未來發展計畫之決策參考。本研究以問卷調查不同背景之居民及遊客對於金門地區發展觀光之認知與態度是否有差異；以及探討居民與遊客間之互動關係。居民部分之抽樣採二階段簇群取樣法，共得有效問卷514份；遊客部分之抽樣採系統抽樣法，共得有效問卷284份。所得之調查資料利用T-檢定、單因子變異數分析、Kruskal-Wallis單因子等級變異數分析、相關分析與因素分析等統計技術進行結果之描述與假設之核定。經實証研究後得到的主要結果如下：一、居民與遊客對觀光發展之認知程度上有顯著差異。二、居民與遊客間之互動關係良好。三、觀光發展對當地社會之影響經因素分析後，將其歸爲七類：「實質環境與交通方面」、「經濟方面」、「社會方面」、「外力介入方面」、「活動與購物機會方面」、「史蹟與設施方面」「機票訂位方面」。以整體而言，居民認爲觀光發展之負面影響較正面多。

關鍵字

觀光衝擊 ； 經濟衝擊 ； 環境衝擊 ； 社會文化衝擊 ； 認知

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to explore residents' and tourists' perceptions on tourism development and to discuss tourism impacts. The study used questionnaires to survey residents' and tourists' perceptions and attitudes toward tourism development in Kin-Men, and the interaction between residents and tourists. Two-stage cluster sampling method was used, and 514 valid questionnaires were gotten on the resident part. Systematic sampling method was used, and 284 valid questionnaires were gotten on the tourist part. Data was analyzed by T-test、one-way ANOVA. K-W one-way ANOVA, and factor analysis. Based on the findings, three major conclusions could be drawn as follows: 1. There were significant differences on the perceptions of tourism development between residents and tourists. 2. There was a good interaction between residents and tourists. 3. The result of factor analysis showed the impacts of tourism could be classified into seven factors: physical and traffic, economics, social, external force, activity and shopping chance, historical site and public facility, and reservation of airline. The study also found that residents perceived more negative impacts than positive.

並列關鍵字

Tourism Impact ； Economic Impact ； Environment Impact ； Social and Cultural Impact ； Perception