休閒對壓力是種壓抑或者緩衝效果？壓力壓抑與緩衝模式之比較

Does Leisure Offer Stress Suppressing or Buffering Effects? Comparison of the Stress Suppressing Model and Stress Buffering Model

沈進成(Ching-Cheng Shen) ； 曾慈慧(Tzu-Hui Tseng) ； 吳雅筠(Ya-Yun Wu)

《戶外遊憩研究》 21卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 59-92

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.2008.21(4)3

摘要

休閒活動認爲能有效地調適生活壓力，促進正向的心境而影響健康，此爲休閒壓力緩衝模式；然而休閒除了可以被動來調適壓力之外，休閒活動是否也可以累積調適資源，以壓抑壓力對身心健康所造成的負面效果，並增進身心健全性，即是人們如果有充足的調適資源便可以降低感受高壓力的機率此爲休閒的壓抑模式(Leisure Stress-Suppressing Model)。本研究以休閒、壓力與健康爲研究主題，建構休閒的壓力壓抑模式與休閒的壓力緩衝模式，以工作壓力大的警察爲實證分析調查對象。首要目的在於驗證休閒的壓力壓抑模式是否存在，其次分析壓力、健康及休閒調適的影響關係，最後比較休閒壓力壓抑模式與休閒壓力緩衝模式的差異性。透過本研究可以更深入知道休閒也可預防壓力的產生，在休閒與壓力關係的兩個模式中，可以發現在休閒壓力壓抑模式中，休閒活動對健康影響效果顯著高於休閒壓力緩衝模式。本研究的結果將有助於休閒效益研究，同時作爲業者或政府單位適當地行銷休閒效益之參考。

關鍵字

休閒 ； 壓力 ； 警察人員 ； 休閒壓力壓抑模式 ； 休閒壓力緩衝模

並列摘要

Leisure activities are recognized as efficient way to help people cope life's pressures and promotes positive moods affecting health, therefore, this model is called the ”Leisure Stress Buffering Model”. However, leisure can passively adjust stress, leisure activities can be used as a coping resource to constrain stress, which has negative effects on health, and promotes positive physical and mental health; when people have adequate leisure coping resources to promote their well-being, stress levels will become lower, this model is called the ”Leisure Stress Suppressing Model”. This research uses leisure, stress, and health as research topics to build a ”Leisure Stress Suppressing Model” and ”Leisure Stress Buffering Model”, and uses highly stressed professionals as substantial analysis investigation objects, such as police officers. The main purpose of this research is attempt to verify whether the ”Leisure Stress Suppressing Model” does, or does not, exist, and furthermore analyzes the relationships among stress, health, and leisure coping techniques, and finally, compares the differences between the ”Leisure Stress Suppressing Model” and the ”Leisure Stress Buffering Model”. Through this research, methods of improved awareness of leisure can help prevent the formation of pressures, seen in the two models of leisure and stress relations. The ”Leisure Stress Suppressing Model” has significant higher health effects than the ”Leisure Stress Buffering Model” in leisure activities. The results of this study can contribute to leisure-effectiveness studies, and at the same time, be effective in local leisure marketing references for industry or government.

並列關鍵字

Leisure ； stress ； police officer ； leisure stress suppressing model ； leisure stress buffering model

參考文獻

王震武(2002)。升學主義的成因及其社會心理基礎－一個歷史觀察。本土心理學研究。17，3-65。

余緒德(2004)。中華航空女性空服員休閒調適策略與壓力－健康關係之研究(碩士論文)。國立東華大學觀光暨遊憩管理研究所。

李卓倫(1985)。健康的定義與假說。公共衛生。12(2)，146-159。

吳學燕(1995)。警察的壓力與管理。警學叢刊。25(4)，3-21。

黃寶園(2003)。結合統合分析與結構方程模式之理論驗證－以壓力調節反應模式之建立與驗證爲例(博士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所。