自然體驗對兒童情感與自然智能發展之影響

Impact of Natural Experiences on the Development of Affect and Naturalist Intelligence in Children

陳惠美(Hui-Mei Chen)

《戶外遊憩研究》 34卷4期 (2021/12) Pp. 1-36

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.202112_34(4).0001

摘要

大自然提供良好的學習環境，影響兒童的情感、認知與價值發展。本研究目的在於探究自然體驗對兒童情感與自然智能之影響，比較都市與鄉村地區兒童之自然體驗差異，並探討父母對兒童自然體驗的影響。研究方法採問卷調查進行，針對新北市地區國小三至六年級兒童進行訪談。結果顯示，自然體驗確實能促進兒童情感，包含：降低壓力、減輕負面情緒、提高正面情緒、促進幸福感；以及自然智能發展，包括：提升注意力恢復、提高自然智能、提升環境態度、促進行動經驗。而且，本研究發現假日長時間在高自然度場所活動對於兒童心理效益較大；家長的自然傾向對兒童自然體驗具有關鍵影響；城鄉自然資源不同影響兒童平日體驗自然之機會。

關鍵字

兒童發展 ； 福祉 ； 環境素養 ； 自然度 ； 父母的自然傾向

並列摘要

Nature serves as a good learning environment for children, affecting their emotional, cognitive, and value development. This study aims to explore the impact of natural experiences on children's emotions and natural intelligence and compares these effects between children in urban and rural areas. In addition, it examines the influence of parents on children's natural experiences. A questionnaire was administered to children in grades 3-6 in New Taipei City. The results show that natural experiences promote children's affect by helping release stress, reducing negative emotions, enhancing positive emotions, and promoting happiness. Further, such experiences increase children's natural intelligence by enhancing their attention restoration, environmental attitudes, and action experiences. The study also shows that playing in a highly natural environment on weekends produces diverse psychological benefits for children. Parents' natural inclination was another crucial factor in children's natural experience. The comparative analysis reveals that differences in natural resources between urban and rural areas affect children's daily opportunities of natural experiences.

並列關鍵字

Children development ； Wellbeing ； Environmental literacy ； Naturalness ； Parents' natural inclination

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