白色恐怖時期的臺大校長傅斯年（1949-1950）

一般認為傅斯年（1896-1950）校長主持臺灣大學校務期間，保護師生免於白色恐怖威脅，惟筆者意外獲得一批有關傅斯年在白色恐怖期間與特務機關主事者往返的檔案，其中顯示的內容足以挑戰長期以來的看法。本文探討傅斯年生命最後兩年的選擇與轉變。傅斯年因反共而同意鎮壓學潮，支持官方在四六事件中逮捕學生。即使如此，自由主義者傅斯年仍難逃右翼極端分子的攻擊及白色恐怖的壓力，最終選擇屈服，與當局合作。傅斯年的遭遇正說明了極權體制對人們的壓迫與殘害，連聲望崇高的臺大校長都難以自處。面對這樣的情況，我們可以用「極權體制下所有人都只能選擇服從」作為理由，替傅斯年辯護嗎？政治哲學家告訴我們，事實並非如此，而這或許正是我們可以從不同面向評價傅斯年的原因。

關鍵字

傅斯年；四六事件；白色恐怖；極權體制

並列摘要

It is generally believed that Fu Ssu-nien, was the president of National Taiwan University who bravely protected teachers and students threatened by white terror when he conducted the school's affairs. The author unexpectedly obtained a number of archives of Fu's correspondence with the head of the secret service during the white terror period, which would challenge the long-standing view of Fu's role. This article explores the choice and change of the last two years of Fu's life. Fu's anti-Communist sentiments led him agree to suppress the student movement, and to support the arrest action by the officials in the April 6th incident. Even so, Fu, as a liberal, still couldn't escape the attacks from right-wing extremists and the pressures of white terror, and chose to yield and cooperate with the authorities finally. Fu's experience illustrates the oppression and scourge of the totalitarian regime. Even this renowned president of a prestigious university had no choice but to yield. In the face of such a situation, can we defend Fu on the grounds of that, ＂under a totalitarian regime all people can only choose to obey?＂ Political philosophers tell us that this is not the case. This is the reason why we should re-evaluate Fu Ssu-nien.