傅斯年的教育思想及其實踐：以北京大學代理校長與臺灣大學校長為例(1930-1950)

Fu Ssu-nien's Education Thought and His Practice : Acts Principal Take The Beijing University and Taiwan University Principal as The Example（1930-1950）

林景翰(Jing-Han Lin)

指導教授 ： 鄭梓

國立成功大學/文學院/歷史學系碩博士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6844/NCKU.2008.00002

摘要

傅斯年（1896-1950），字孟真，山東聊城人，民國初年重要的史學家、思想家與教育家。影響中國廿世紀前半世紀的一代學人，以無比的愛國熱情、強烈的民族意識寄託於學術與教育事業。綜觀傅斯年一生的成就，筆者以為，在史學、教育兩方面有其相當的成就，影響力及於中國廿世紀前半世紀，其餘韻流傳於戰後臺灣的教育界與史學界，實為五四運動知識份子最為典型的代表。
史學方面，1928年中央研究院成立於廣州，蔡元培為首任院長，當時傅斯年即建議創設歷史語言研究所，以科學精神與方法應用於歷史與語言方面的研究。7月，史語所正式成立，傅斯年為首任所長。提出善用直接材料、擴張研究材料與擴充研究方法及工具為宗旨，強調集體研究，以事實、客觀、科學的治學態度發現問題、解決問題、再發現問題，最終目標是「要科學的東方學之正統在中國！」
教育方面，傅斯年歷任廣州中山大學文科院長，兼國文與歷史兩系主任（1928）、北京大學教授（1929-1937）、北京大學代理校長（1945-1946）與臺灣大學校長（1949-1950），擔任教職期間曾觀察當時教育的環境、制度、改革、學子、教師等相關議題並發表數篇文章，各篇文章均反應出傅斯年對教育困境之下所展現的關懷與實踐。由此引起筆者欲從1930年代至1950年代傅斯年發表有關於教育的文章，分析其教育思想的系統與理念，並以北京大學代理校長的復員任務與臺灣大學校長的整頓與奠基任務歷史過程中，分析傅斯年如何實踐高等教育事業，從中探討傅斯年教育思想觀點與實務歷程的展現。現今臺灣教育改革尚未定於一尊，莫衷一是的今天，回過頭看看廿世紀傅斯年的教育原點，或許可提供一個沉澱的啟發與思考。

關鍵字

傅斯年 ； 教育思想 ； 教育實踐 ； 北京大學 ； 昆明學潮 ； 臺灣大學 ； 四六事件

並列摘要

Fu Ssu-nien (1896-1950), also known as Meng-chen, was born in Liao-ch’eng, Shantung, Early year of Republic of Chian important historian, ideologue and educator. An influence China the generation scholar in half-a-century before 20th century, with incomparable patriotic enthusiasm, mightiness of the race consciousness be consigned to academic with educate career. Take a comprehensive view of the achievement of Fu Ssu-nien whole life, I think and has it the equal achievement in historiography, education both side, the influence comes up to 20th century first half in China for century, the rest rhyme is spread to educational circles and historiography field of post-war Taiwan, in really May-Fourth-Movement the most typical representative for educated person.
Historiography, the Academia Sinica is established to Guangzhou in 1928, Cai Yuan-pei is a term director, Fu Ssu-nien namely suggested to establish the institute of the History & Philology at that time, with science spirit and method was applied to the research of history and language. In July, institute of the History & Philology establish, Fu Ssu-nien was first elected manager. Put forth knowing how to handle direct material and extend research material and enlargement to study method and tool as aim, emphasize a collective research, with the fact, objective, curing of science learn an attitude to find a problem, work out a problem, again find a problem, the final target is “want science of the east learn of the orthodox tradition is in China!”
Educate aspect, Fu Ssu-nien successive holder Guangzhou mountain university school of arts director, and the state language and history is two department chairmans(1928), University of Beijing professor(1929-1937), the acting principal of school(1945-1946) of the University of Beijing and National Taiwan university principal(1949-1950) and hold the post of to teach a job the environment, system, reform, student, teacher whom period once observed to educate at that time etc. related subject and announced several articles, each article all responded the year of Fu Si to educate the dilemma that a hundred years greatly accounted under the concern and fulfillment made a show of. From here cause writer to want Fu Ssu-nien announce concerning the educational article from the 1930-1950's and analyze system and principle of its education thought, and with the restructuring of the Fu member mission and University of Taiwan principal of the University of Beijing acting principal of school and lay foundation stone the process of the mission history in, analyze Fu Ssu-nien how the year practice higher education business, inquire into from it the display that Fu Ssu-nien educates thought standpoint and actual situation process. The present Taiwanese education reform hasn't been settled to one, Still unfinished today, return overdo see 20th century Fu Ssu-nien of education order at first, probably can provide to precipitate of inspire and consider.

並列關鍵字

Fu Ssu-nien ； Educate Thought ； Educate Fulfillment ； Beijing University ； The Kunming Student Movement ； National Taiwan University ； The Incident of April Sixth

參考文獻

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