中晚唐傳奇集所見政治危機與秩序重構

The Political Crisis and Order Reconstruction of Chuanqi Fiction in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty

王志浩(Wang, Chih-Hao)

《臺大中文學報》 66期 (2019/09) Pp. 43-93

https://doi.org/10.6281/NTUCL.201909_(66).0002

摘要

本文選擇以中晚唐的傳奇集為焦點，檢討其中涉及政治秩序之篇章，箇中緣由乃是基於傳奇集的作者、所敘述之情節，和政治關係甚為密切。根據本文的考察，可以發現唐人對於彼時朝廷的「失序」狀態，抱持著強烈的焦慮感。因此，他們或藉佛、道二教，或秉持儒者意識，試圖為時代找尋出路，這也致使傳奇集的性質紛亂，雜揉儒、佛、道等各種思想。然而，這群文人的共同交集，在其多數具備「士」之身分，既已選擇入仕，如何克盡職責，進而澤及生民，為其終極關懷。職是，呈現於傳奇集裏的思想基調，並非消極地緬懷逝去的盛世榮光，而是不斷地思索安史之亂的徵兆和成因。不僅如此，他們亦利用傳奇的曲折手法，紀錄所見聞的君臣位階錯亂情事，諸如皇帝被弒、宦官干政等，仿效史家筆削，替時代留下見證。置身嚴重「失序」的世道，士人沒有選擇放棄，而是在其編纂的作品裏，反覆申述有唐固有之天命，以及官僚於地方的教化行動，試圖以此重新建構一幅「合理」的秩序圖像，期盼唐帝國能夠整頓頹勢，再次綻放光輝。

關鍵字

安史之亂 ； 傳奇集 ； 士人 ； 政治 ； 秩序

並列摘要

This article examines the political crisis and order reconstruction in chuanqi fiction written in the middle and late Tang dynasty. Based on our research, the Tang people showed their intense anxiety about the ＂status of the imperial disorder＂ at the time; as a result, they tried to express the anxiety by means of adhering to Buddhism, Daoism, or Confucianism, which had led to the chaotic nature in chuanqi fiction, mixing Confucian, Buddhist, Daoist, and other thoughts. Most of these fiction authors participated in civil service examinations, or, more precisely, they were officials in the golden age of the Tang dynasty., How to fulfil the responsibility of ruling the nation was the ultimate concern for being a scholar. Thus, the keynote of Chuanqi fiction was not to negatively reflect on the past glory, but to constantly reflect on the signs and causes of the An Shi Rebellion. More than that, these authors recorded the disorder of the ruler-minister relation including regicide and eunuch dictatorship, in a complicated plot with twists, and imitated the writing style of historians as being witness to the era. Being in the disorderly world, these scholars utilized the fiction to describe their education for local people and restated the destiny of the Tang instead of giving up. They were trying to reconstruct a ＂reasonable＂ sociopolitical order, rectifying the decadent situation in hope of restoring the glory of the Tang.

並列關鍵字

An Shi Rebellion ； Chuanqi Fiction ； Scholars ； Politics ； Order

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