China's rise is a process of simultaneous increases in power, expansion in interests, and enlargement of responsibilities. China has been advocating and practicing the diplomatic principle of a ”Responsible Power” since the mid-1990s. Yet, is China truly a responsible power? Does its word harmonize with its action? These questions can only be answered through meticulous examinations. The Disarmament and Arms Control Regime is the most sensitive security issues and is the best way to evaluate China's construction of its responsible-power image. Starting from a constructivist approach, this article explores the ways in which China has shaped its image, the transformation of Chinese national identity, the reasons for this transformation, and the quality of cooperation, to assess the strength of China's identity in the international community.