男性慢性精神病患經濟行爲與金錢處理訓練之研究

The Economical Behavior and Money-Control Training for the Chronic Psychotic Male Patients

林清良(Ching-Liang Lin)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 5期 (1987/09) Pp. 1-8

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.1987.05.01

摘要

改善病患金錢控制處理、節省儲蓄等之經濟能力障礙，爲慢性精神病患復健治療的目的之一。本文目的乃欲瞭解於高雄市立凱旋醫院大寮模式復健訓練過程，慢性精神病患之金錢消費的內容及變化、購物內容與變化、購物次數與變化，工作能力與金錢消費、購物次數之關係，儲蓄觀念行為的養成等，以為將未行為治療之參考、職能工作訓練之擴展、日常生活功能之加強，及經濟障礙之復健訓練等之依據。研究對象為高雄市立凱旋醫院復健治療中心第一病房46名男性住院病患，研究期間從民國74年9月到75年1月，共五個月，每月每名發給零用金新台幣陸佰元，設計「兌換信用卡」代替現金使用，記錄其購買項目類別（分香煙、汽水、用品、麺類四類）與金額，每月統計結果一次，並評估其工作能力表現。研究結果發現兌換信用卡使用後，病患每月消費金額、購物次數皆顯著減少。香煙佔消費額一半以上，購買額沒有增加，最後反而下降。汽水類由29%的消費額逐漸降低，最後亦明顯的減少。購物次數，香煙、汽水類佔多數（各佔40%左右），五個月後汽水類明顯直線下降，香煙稍減少購買次數。病患工作能力會影響消費金額，兩者呈顯著負相關關係。工作能力的好壞可影響購物次數，兩者亦呈顯著負相關關係。經由此訓練，可培養儲蓄觀念、增進儲蓄行為能力。由此可知臨床上使用此兌換信用卡，可改善消費行為；工作治療訓練亦能影響病患金錢控制使用的能力。

並列摘要

One aim of rehabilitation training for chronic psychotic patients is to improve their handicapped economical ability including management of money-control, cutting down savings etc.. This study was intended to understand how the chronic psychotic patients consumed their money, what they purchased, the frequency and change of purchase, the relationship among their working ability, money consumed and the frequency of purchase, the cultivation of saving concept and behavior etc., during the rehabilitation training course of ”Ta-Liao Program”. So as to create a resource for future reference in behavior therapy, expanding of occupational training, reinforcement of daily living function and rehabilitation training of the handicapped economical ability. The subjects were 46 male inpatients from Ward No. 1 of the Rehabilitation Center of Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Chuan Hospital. Each patient was given an ”exchange credit card” equivalent to NT $600's pocket money per month. The duration of this study was five months from Sept. 1985 to Jan. 1986. The types of purchase items (viz, cigarettes, soft drinks, articles and foods) and the money consumed were recorded for each patient every month. The same therapist evaluates each pt's working performance at first and last month. Results of the study showed that by using the ”exchange credit card”, the money consumed and the frequency of purchase per month for each patient decreased significantly. More than half of the consumption were cigarettes, the amount of purchase showed no increase. Instead, a significant decrease in purchase amount was noted at the end of the study. Soft drinks revealed a gradual to an obvious decrease from an initial 29% consumption. For the frequency of purchase, cigarettes and soft drinks accounted for as much as 40% respectively, the latter showing a sharp decrease and the former a slight decrease five months later. Patients' working ability could influence both the amount of money consumed and the frequency of purchase, and a significant negative correlation was found respectively. Through such training, saving concept could be cultivated and saving behavior reinforced. From this study, consumption behavior could be improved by using such an ”exchange credit card”. Occupational therapeutic training could also influence patients' ability in money-control and consumption.

並列關鍵字

institution ； group token system ； exchange credit card ； Ta-Liao program