感覺統合與知覺動作訓練對發展遲緩兒童療效之比較

Effects of Sensory Integrative Therapy and Perceptual-Motor Training in Treating Children with Developmental Delays

汪宜霈(Yee-Pay Wuang) ； 王志中(Chih-Chung Wang) ； 蔡獻裕(Shien-Yu Tsai)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 21卷 (2003/01) Pp. 29-44

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2003.21.03

摘要

本研究最主要的目的在於比較感覺統合治療、知覺動作訓練，與無任何治療介入三種方式對於發展遲緩兒童表現療效之比較。共62位兒童（平均年齡為52.3個月）參與本研究，這些兒童均被診斷為在動作或是認知能力有發展遲緩的情形。這些兒童被隨機分配至三個不同的組別，在治療介入前後，均接受感覺動作表現和心理教育能力的評估。在接受每週3次，每次1小時，共78小時的治療之後，發現接受感覺統合治療的兒童在動作計畫能力和前庭—本體感覺處理能力方面的進步較明顯；而接受知覺動作訓練的兒童則是在整體的感覺動作表現均優於其他組別的兒童，尤其是在粗動作的表現，例如平衡、兩側協調及力量的表現等。但這三組兒童在心理教育能力的表現並無明顯差異。
結果顯示，感覺統合治療和知覺動作訓練對感覺動作表現均有正向的治療效果，但是這些感覺動作能力的進步，並沒有類化至與高層次的認知學習相關的功能性技巧，如何設計治療的活動，去加強基礎的感覺動作功能和高層次功能技巧的相關性，是職能治療師未來努力的方向。

關鍵字

感覺統合治療 ； 知覺動作訓練 ； 發展遲緩

並列摘要

This study compared the effect of sensory integration therapy (SI), a parallel perceptual-motor training (PM), and no treatment (NT) on the performance of 62 children with developmental delays, aged 48 to 55 months, who were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups or to no treatment group. These children were assessed before and after treatment on measures of sensorimotor performance, sensory-integrative-related functions and psychoeducational performances. After receiving a total of 78-hour intervention, SI-treated subjects made some gains in selected aspects of sensorimotor functioning that showed some consistency with SI theory, more apparently in motor panning and vestibular- proprioceptive information processing. PM-treated subjects showed advantages over the other two groups, primarily in gross motor performance. There were no accompanying group differences in visual perception, visual-motor integration, design copy ability and cognitive abilities. These findings demonstrate that motor gains resulted from sensorimotor interventions didn’t have the carry-over effect on functional skills and abilities more directly associated with higher level cognitive performance. Besides, these results had implications for the validity of the sensory integration approach and perceptual-motor training.

並列關鍵字

sensory integration therapy ； perceptual-motor training ； developmental delays