精神分裂症患者之工作自我效能與功能性生活技能對於就業狀態的影響

Influence of Work-Related Self-Efficacy and Functional Life Skills on Employment Status of Individuals with Schizophrenia

成冠緯(Kuan-Wei Chen) ； 陳正宗(Cheng-Chung Chen) ； 徐淑婷(Su-Ting Hsu) ； 林帥廷(Shuai-Ting Lin) ； 吳明宜(Ming-Yi Wu)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 31卷1期 (2013/06) Pp. 53-72

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2013.31(1).03

摘要

本研究的目的是要檢驗精神分裂症患者的工作自我效能和功能性生活技能對於其就業狀態之影響。從台灣南部一間社區復健中心進行方便取樣，共邀請92位一般認知能力無明顯障礙的精神分裂症患者參與研究，以自填方式完成個案基本資料表和工作自我效能量表，以及由社區復健中心的職能治療師完成每位個案的生活技能調查表評分。研究結果發現：第一、「工作自我效能」無法預測精神分裂症患者的就業狀態；第二、「功能性生活技能」可以預測精神分裂症患者的就業狀態；以及第三、功能性生活技能中的「工作耐力」因子為預測精神分裂症患者就業的顯著因子。研究結果支持「功能性生活技能」可以有效預測精神分裂症患者的就業狀態，特別是能達到個人想從事工作的體能要求（如：一天工作八小時、準時上班及勝任完成工作任務）的「工作耐力」。因此建議臨床復健人員應把工作習慣養成和健康體適能強化等課程納入職前訓練方案中，以促進個案的工作耐力，增加精神分裂症患者的就業準備度。

關鍵字

精神分裂症 ； 工作自我效能 ； 功能性生活技能 ； 就業狀態

並列摘要

This study examined the interactive relationship between work-related self-efficacy, functional life skills, and the employment status of individuals with schizophrenia. We have recruited 92 individuals with schizophrenia who had no obvious general cognitive barriers from a community rehabilitation center in Southern Taiwan to participate in the study. All participants have completed the basic demographic form and the Work-related Self-Efficacy Scale, and their life skills were rated by the center's occupational therapists (OT) using the Life Skills Inventory. Three results were found. First, the work-related self-efficacy was unable to predict the employment status of people with schizophrenia. Second, the functional life skills were able to predict the employment status of people with schizophrenia. And third, ＂work tolerance＂ among the five functional life skill domains was the only factor that was able to predict the employment status of people with schizophrenia significantly. The results from this study suggests that functional life skills are able to predict the employment status of individuals with schizophrenia, especially the work tolerance factor that enables a worker to meet the physical demands of his job, so that he is able to work 8 hours per day, be on time, and complete his job tasks. It is recommended that rehabilitation practitioners should incorporate work habit and health fitness programs into prevocational training plans, in order to enhance the work tolerance and the employment readiness of individuals with schizophrenia.

並列關鍵字

Schizophrenia ； Work-related self-efficacy ； Functional life skills ； Employment status