應用隨機邊界法探討台灣國際航空公司之技術效率－以亞洲地區定期直飛客運航線為例

An Application of Stochastic Frontier Analysis to Investigate the Technical Efficiency of International Airline Companies in Taiwan-An Example of Non-Stop Regular Routes for Passengers in Asian Area

周榮昌(Rong-Chang Jou) ； 劉祐興(Yu-Hsin Liu) ； 蕭凱倫(Kai-Lun Hsiao) ； 陳志成(Chih-Cheng Chen)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 20卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 121-132

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.200803_20(1).0010

摘要

本研究以台灣定期直飛亞洲地區之國際航空公司為研究對象，應用隨機邊界法構建航空公司之生產技術效率模型，以了解影響航空公司技術效率的影響因素，並藉由彈性與邊際效果分析的方式，分別瞭解各項因素投入變動對產出的影響程度與航空公司營運特性對於技術無效率之影響，最後則比較本國籍與非本國籍航空公司在總體技術效率上的表現情形與變化趨勢。研究結果顯示，影響航空公司產出效率的變數為空勤勞動、飛航時間、耗用燃油、航線數、時間趨勢、航空聯盟等。整體而言，台灣國際航空市場屬於規模報酬遞增階段，本國籍航空公司之平均規模報酬略高於非本國籍航空公司。

關鍵字

隨機邊界模型 ； 技術效率 ； 彈性分析

並列摘要

This paper applies stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to investigate the international airline companies which operate non-stop regular routes for passengers between Taiwan and Asia area. Firstly, a technical efficiency analysis model is constructed. Secondly, an elasticity analysis is applied to analyze variations between input and output variables during the production process. The theory of marginal effect is then used to highlight the influence of operating characteristics of companies on technical inefficiency. Finally, the integral technical efficiency and the changing trend between Taiwan native and non native airlines are studied. The empirical results show that the factors affecting the production efficiency of airline companies are labor input in flight process, flight time, oil exhausted, numbers of flight lines, time trends, and aviation alliance. Besides, from the view of whole airline industry, it is in the phenomenon with increasing return to scale. Finally, the average return to scale is higher associated with native airlines than the non natives.

並列關鍵字

stochastic frontier model ； production elasticity ； technical efficiency