不同道路定價方案下私人運具通勤者運具選擇行為之研究

A Study on the Effects of Different Road Pricing Scenarios on Auto/Motorbike Commuter's Choice Behavior

周榮昌(Rong-Chang Jou) ； 陳志成(Chih-Cheng Chen) ； 吳萍樺(Ping-Hua Wu)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 20卷2期 (2008/06) Pp. 229-239

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.200806_20(2).0007

摘要

道路定價策略為運輸需求管理策略之一，此一策略係利用「以價制量」的經濟手段，儘可能地減少交通擁擠與平均分配車流於替代道路上。本研究首先參考國外已實施或實驗階段之道路定價方式，訂定三種不同之道路定價方案（單一費率、次數限制、尖離峰定價方案），並以台北市信義計畫區與內湖科技園區為調查地點，藉由客製化電腦問卷蒐集私人運具通勤者之社會經濟特性、通勤旅次特性、道路定價方案偏好、收費盈餘之配套措施、道路定價情境模擬等資料，進一步探討私人運具通勤者在不同道路定價方案下之旅運行為。本研究將建立排序普羅比模式，探討私人運具之通勤者其對不同道路定價方案之接受程度；以及建立多項羅吉特及巢式羅吉特模式，探討影響私人運具通勤者在不同道路定價方案下旅運行為之關係，並分析模式之優劣。最後，依研究結果提出結論與建議，以供政策制訂、改善依據及後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

運輸需求管理策略 ； 道路定價 ； 排序普羅比 ； 巢式羅吉特

並列摘要

Road pricing, one strategy of TDM, tries to reform travelers' behavior in a long run. Road pricing which controls traffic volumes by charging extra money to private modes can relieve congestion and evenly distribute traffic flows to alternative routes. Three road pricing schemes, proposed or implemented in other countries, are applied in this study. They are constant fare pricing, credit-based pricing, and differential pricing (peak and off peak). The computer-aided survey is conducted in both Taipei Xinyi Planning Area and Neihu Technology Park to obtain commuters’ information including socioeconomic characteristics, travel characteristics, attitudes on different schemes, and attitudes on incentive alternatives. The information is then used to investigate the important and significant attributes that affect the acceptance of different road pricing schemes and the travel behavior for private commuters. The results of this study can provide valuable insights into road pricing strategies to be regulated and implemented in the future.

並列關鍵字

TDM ； road pricing ； ordered probit model ； nested logit