防汛搶險器材調派最佳化之研究

Optimal Distribution of Flood Control and Flooding Emergency Salavage Materials

顏上堯(Shang-Yao Yan) ； 宋宏剛(Hong-Gang Soong) ； 林漢俊(Han-Chun Lin)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 22卷3期 (2010/09) Pp. 341-350

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.201009_22(3).0010

摘要

當天然災害發生時，往往導致水利設施損壞或衍生險象之情形。為防止人民生命財產之損失擴大，主管當局必須緊急地調派防汛搶險之器材，以進行搶救措施。目前實務界一般以人工經驗決策防汛搶險器材之調派，其過程除效率不佳外，亦常無法有效地使用資源，甚至有決策失當的情況發生。此外，以往亦未發現有針對防汛搶險器材調配最佳化之文獻。因此，本研究參考實務作業，以最小系統營運成本為目標，考量相關營運限制，利用時空網路流動技巧，構建一最佳化模式，以幫助決策者有效地求解搶險器材的調派問題。為測試模式的實用績效，本研究以經濟部水利署第十河川局轄區之防汛搶險器材儲藏所之實際資料為例，配合合理的假設，進行範例測試。測試的初步結果甚佳，顯示本研究模式應可為實務界之參考。

關鍵字

防汛搶險 ； 器材調派 ； 時空網路 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

Natural disasters often result in loss and damage of flood control facilities or extend other damages. To reduce the loss and damage of human lives and properties, the authorities must urgently distribute flood control and flooding emergency salvage materials to the damaged points. In practice, the distribution and transportation of flood control and flooding emergency salvage materials are manually determined by staff with experience, without optimization from a systemic perspective, which is neither efficient in decision process nor effective in resourse usage, and could even result in inproper decisions. In addition, there has not yet been any research on the optimal distribution of flood control and flooding emergency salavage materials. Therefore, in this research, referring to real practices we employ the time-space network flow technique to construct an optimization model, with the objective of minimizing the system operating cost, subject to the related operating constraints, for the authority to efficiently and effectively solve for the distribution and transportation of flood control and flooding emergency salavage materials. To evaluate the model in practice, we performed a case study, with reasonable assumptions, using the data collected from the warehouses storing flood control and flooding emergency salavage materials by the 10th River Management Bureau, Water Resource Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs. The preliminary results were good, showing that the model could be useful reference for practice.

並列關鍵字

flood control and flooding emergency salvage ； material distribution ； time-space network ； optimization