自來水鉛污染：從國外污染事件看台灣防治的方向與挑戰

LEAD IN TAP WATER: RECENT CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TAIWAN

林逸彬(Yi-Pin Lin)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 32卷3期 (2020/05) Pp. 251-255

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.202005_32(3).0001

摘要

美國密西根州弗林特市（Flint）於2015年爆發大規模自來水鉛污染危機，40%住戶自來水鉛濃度超過美國飲用水管制值。事件發生之後，大規模調查於美國各州啟動，結果發現自來水鉛污染的情形十分普遍，顯示弗林特市的鉛水污染並非偶發事件。2019年加拿大公布的調查也發現相同情況。本文深入檢視世界各國自來水鉛含量的法規標準、近年發生的自來水鉛污染事件、自來水系統中鉛的來源及造成污染的可能原因，並探討台灣自來水鉛污染防治上可能面臨的盲點及挑戰，並提出將來可以加強的重點工作方向，以確保台灣民眾免於自來水鉛污染的威脅。

關鍵字

自來水 ； 鉛污染 ； 自來水採樣方法 ； 鉛管汰換

並列摘要

Severe lead contamination in drinking water occurred in Flint, Michigan in 2015. This water crisis triggered a nation-wide investigation in the US and widespread contamination was found across the country. A recent survey in Canada also found that lead contamination is common in many drinking water systems. This article provides a comprehension review of lead regulations in different countries, recent lead contamination incidents, sources of lead and the factors trigger lead release into drinking water. Finally, the implications for Taiwan in preventing lead contamination were discussed and directions for future work were identified in order to safeguard the public from lead water crisis.

並列關鍵字

drinking water ； lead contamination ； sampling methods ； lead pipe replacement