紅豆機械化栽培之研究

Study on Mechanization Cultivation of Adzuki Bean

陳玉如(Yu-Ju Chen)

《高雄區農業改良場研究彙報》 17卷1期 (2006/06) Pp. 1-8

https://doi.org/10.6958/RBKDAIS.200606.0001

摘要

紅豆機械化栽培係指以曳引機附掛真空播種機，一次完成開溝、作畦、播種等作業，並配合氣輔桿式噴藥車進行雜草及病蟲害防治，再以本場研發之豆類聯合收穫機採收之作業方式。本研究於民國91及92年秋裡作在屏東萬丹地區的試驗結果顯示：整地真空播種＋氣輔桿式噴藥車防治處理，公頃籽粒產量為2,582公斤，以市價平均每公斤47元計價後，公頃產值為121,354元，扣除公頃生產成本55,605元後，淨收益為65,749元，較對照（撒播＋傳統噴藥）處理之公頃產量2,086公斤增產23.8％，公頃產值增加23,312元，生產成本降低7,768元，淨收益增加31,080元；而撒播＋氣輔桿式噴藥處理公頃產量2,381公斤，較對照（撒播＋傳統噴藥）處理增產14.1％，公頃產值增加13,865元，生產成本降低8,286元，淨收益增加22,151元。經2年試驗結果顯示，以整地真空播種＋氣輔桿式噴藥車防治處理之產量與病蟲害防治效果表現最佳；而成熟時利用豆類聯合收穫機採收，可提升工作效率，降低生產成本。故以機械化栽培將可有效提高國產紅豆競爭力，增加豆農收益。

關鍵字

紅豆 ； 機械化 ； 栽培

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to prompt the mechanization cultivation of adzuki bean. These machinery include vacuum sowing machine, automatic boom sprayers and bean combine harvester etc. The process of works are as follows:1. Using tractor attachment vacuum sowing machine make digging ditches rows and sowing at once time can be finished.2. Using automatic boom sprayers is to control weeds, disease and insect pests.3. Using bean combine machine harvest during it is mature stage of adzuki bean.Mechanization cultivation of adzuki bean was tested at Shangcun in autumn of 2002 and 2003. The results indicated that application of machinery plots could be obtained about 31,080 NT$/ha more net profit than seed broadcast + traditional chemical spray plots. In addition, with seed broadcast + automatic boom sprayers treatment not only reduced the product cost about 8,286 NT$/ha but also increased farmers net profit 22,151 NT$/ha as compare to seed broadcast + traditional chemical spray treatment.The experiment conducting for 2 years, as a result showed preparation land vacuum sowing + automatic boom sprayers +bean combine harvester treatment plots had good performance such as increasing work efficiency, sowing product cost, less damage causing by disease and insect-pests, grain yield increase and high quality. Accomplishment of this study should make much more competition ability of Taiwan native adzuki bean industry and increase bean farmer great profit.

並列關鍵字

Adzuki bean ； Mechanization ； Cultivation