台灣清末洋式建築研究（三）：洋務運動的相關建設

A Study on the Western-style Architectures of Taiwan in the Late Ching Period: The Constructions Related to the Movement of Western Affairs

林會承(Hui-Cheng Lin)

《藝術評論》 16期 (2006/10) Pp. 257-304

摘要

西元1858（咸豐8）年清廷與西方各國簽訂「天津條約」之後台灣的淡水、台灣府、雞籠及打狗成爲國際通商口岸，隨後西方的海關人員、領事館人員、商人、傳教士、專業技術人員等自各地來台，並自行或協助興建了洋關、燈塔、領事館、洋行、教會、翳院、學校、住宅、砲台、交通、產業、機器、墓園等建築物。
本文首先蒐集整理此時期在台西方人的營建歷程及保存現況，其次證滿鰓討論這些由西方人所興建的建築物的形式。一般來說，他們所興建的廳舍或住宅均具有抬高地坪、寬敞的陽台、外緣擁有連續磚拱、厚重的磚造屋身、大面積的斜屋頂等特質；至於燈塔、砲台、交通廠房、機器及產業廠房之外形則來用於其功能;教堂、墓園之外形多摹倣自其母國的傳統形式。

關鍵字

台灣 ； 清末 ； 建築史 ； 陽台殖民地式樣建築

並列摘要

After the Tien-chin Treaty (天津條約) was signed between the Ching Empire and the western countries in 1858 A. D., the Tan-shui (淡水), Tai-wan-fn (台灣府) Keelung (雞籠), and Ta-kuo (打狗) western countries, including customs staffs, diplomats merchants, Christian and Catholic priests, and technologists came to Taiwan from all over world, They built many constructions on Taiwan, either based on their own needs or to meet the needs of the Ching Empire, such as customhouses, lighthouses, consulates, chapels, cathedrals, hospitals, schools, fortifications, ammunition and machine factories, telegram factories, and cemeteries.
In this article, I first collect and organize data regarding the construction process and conservation status of these buildings constructed by the western people during this period, and then I will introduce and discuss the forms of these buildings. Generally speaking, among these buildings, the office buildings and residence possess the following lice concision characteristics: raised floors, spacious corridors, sequent arches outside the corridors, thick break walls, and huge inclined roofs. The forms of lighthouses, fortifications, ammunition and machine factories, acid telegram factories were mainly subject to their function, while those of chapels, cathedrals, and cemeteries were copied from those of the designer's home countries.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan ； Late Ching Dynasty ； Architecture history ； Bungalow

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