Both total marrow irradiation and total marrow/lymphoid irradiation have been developed recently and may achieve potential advantages in patients with hematological malignancy undergoing stem cell transplantation. We present one patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated by total marrow irradiation and high-dose etoposide as conditioning regimen before allogeneic hematological stem cell transplant. Lower toxicities and successful engraftment were noted. The optimal radiation dose, complications and treatment efficacy of total marrow irradiation are not clear and deserve further prospective studies.