反抗權力：傅柯早期課程中的主體問題

Resisting Power: The problems of the Subject in the Early Courses of Foucault

林志明(Chi-Ming Lin)

《哲學與文化》 34卷7期 (2007/07) Pp. 127-144

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200707.0127

摘要

傅柯(Michel Foucault)在法國學苑(Collège de France)講授的早期課程(1970-1976)主軸在於權力系譜學分析，內容主要涉及三個層面：權力的配置(dispositif)、權力問關係，以及對於權力的反抗。其中第三個層面乃是本文主要探討的目標。本文的基本預設有二：1.權力的探討甚至其批評必然也要由權力的臣屬者的觀點出發；2.傅柯在這方面的說明，在早期課程中存有重要的材料等持我們去發掘。本文將以權力之反抗為探討的主軸，並以傅柯在早期課程中的發言為主要討論材料，本文同時試圖勾劃出三個反抗性主體的形象。他們分別是：活生生的肉身主體、受考驗的主體和一個新的歷史主體。這些主體性形象和晚期傅柯思想的關係也將在文末進行簡短的探討。

關鍵字

傅柯 ； 權力 ； 反抗 ； 主體性

並列摘要

In the early years courses of Foucault at College de France (1970-1976), the genealogical analyses of power consist essentially of three aspects: the ”dispositifs” of power, the relations between powers and the resistance to the power. The focus of this paper is to investigate the aspect of the resisting power It has two premises: the analyses of power will not be complete without studying the the point of view of the subjugated and there are some important thinking materials on this theme implied in the early years courses of Foucault. Three figures of resistant subjects in these materials will be discussed in this paper: the living subject of the body, the subject under examination and a new subject of history. The relation between these three figures and the thought of Foucault in its last period will be discussed briefly at the end of the article.

並列關鍵字

Foucault ； Power ； Resistance ； Subjectivity