對程伊川思想的再理解

本文首先關聯著李约瑟對於中国古代宇宙靓－有機自然谕－的討谕，重新探計程伊川（頤，1033-1107A. D.）思想中的道舆陰陽、理舆氣等概念，並說明伊川對萬物来源的解釋，同時指出伊川思想中的「道」或「理」應當被理解爲理路、秩序等意義。復次關聯著追些概念，特别是理舆氣，對諭伊川思想中的心、性、情等問题，指出在伊川思想中，心、性、情應具有相同的内涵，並關聯著些概念計諭伊川思想中的善舆惡、賢舆愚等概念。再次，由心性情在應然面舆實然面的不同展现，略述伊川思想中的工夫諭。最俊，嘗試就伊川思想提出一總體之理解。

關鍵字

宋明新儒學；程伊川；有機自然觀；性即理；中和

並列摘要

Firstly, this essay re-investigates the concepts of Dao, Ying and Yang, Principle and Material force (Qi) in Cheng Yi's Philosophy with a perspective of organic naturalism, which is taken by Joseph Needham as the cosmology of ancient China. Meanwhile, it describes Cheng's thought of the birth of the created. In this part, it points out that Dao or Principle should be grasped as ”vein” or ”cosmos”. Secondly, with the concepts discussed above, especially Principle and Material force, it inquiries into Mind, Nature, Feeling of Cheng's philosophy and indicates that they should have the same meaning. The concepts of good and evil, the sage and the virtuous in Cheng's viewpoint are also expounded. Thirdly, it treats moral practice of Cheng from the dimensions of ”What Is” and ”What Ought” of Mind, Nature and Feeling. Finally, it tries to give a summary of what are discussed above.