貧窮與人權

Poverty and Human Rights

陳強立(Jonathan K. L. Chan)

《哲學與文化》 36卷7期 (2009/07) Pp. 3-14

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200907.0003

摘要

我們有責任救助貧窮的人嗎？認為我們有這樣的一種責任，在不同的宗教和文化裏面都可以找到道德根據。我們甚至可以說，它是一種具有高度普遍性的道德直覺。那麼我們能否進一步為這個道德直覺找到哲學上的根據？有些哲學家嘗試從人權理論的視角來說明它的合理性。他們認為從人的某些基本權利可以引申出我們有救助貧窮的人以減低貧窮對他們所帶來的影響（以下簡稱「減貧」）的責任。本文即旨在探討通過人權理論的進路來說明有關的「減貧」的責任所涉及的哲學上的問題。

關鍵字

貧窮 ； 減貧的責任 ； 人權

並列摘要

Do we have the moral duty to help the poor? Many people think that we have. And some may argue that such a moral duty is so basic that it can find its support from the moral perspectives of different religions and cultures. Some may even say that it is a universally held moral intuition that we have the moral duty to help the poor. But can we find a philosophical justification for the universality of such a moral intuition? Some philosophers attempt to provide such a philosophical justification from the perspective of human rights theory by arguing that the moral duty can be derived from some basic human rights. This paper aims to discuss some philosophical problems inherent in the aforementioned approach to the moral duty to help the poor.

並列關鍵字

Poverty ； The Moral Duty to Help The Poor ； Human Rights

參考文獻

Dworkin, Ronald.(1977).Taking Rights Seriously.Cambridge:Massachusetts.

McCloskey, H. J.(1976).Rights-Some Conceptual Issues.Austrlasian Journal of Philosophy.54(2)

Raz, Joseph.(1986).The Morality of Freedom.Oxford:Oxford University Press.

Waldron, Jeremy.(1993).Liberal Rights.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Waldron, Jeremy (ed.)(1984).Theories of Rights.Oxford:Oxford University Press.