《周易》天人關係說之形成與涵義

The Formation and Meaning of the Doctrine on the Relationship between Heaven and Man in Zhou Yi

曾春海(Chun-Hai Tseng)

《哲學與文化》 36卷12期 (2009/12) Pp. 9-31

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200912.0009

摘要

「天」係一統攝性的語辭，其概念極為豐富，是天地、人、萬物存在的根源，也是人文世界意義和價值的根源。〈易傳•繫辭下〉即云：「《易》之為書也，廣大悉備。有天道焉，有人道焉，有地道焉，兼三才而兩之，……三才之道也。」天人的關係即概括《易》所言的天道、地道與人道的三才之道。本文即試由「殷商氏族社會架構與占卜文化中的人神關係」、「西周的天人關係」、「產生於西周《易》之原經的天人關係思想」、「〈易傳〉的天人關係」等面向，探索、詮解《周易》天人關係由宗教發展至人文化的形成歷程與重要涵義。

關鍵字

周易 ； 易傳 ； 天人關係 ； 以德配天 ； 三才之道 ； 人文自覺

並列摘要

Heaven is an integrated term and a rich concept, being the origin of heaven and earth, man and all things as well as the source of the meaning and value of the humanistic world. The relationship between heaven and earth includes the three powers from Zhou Yi, that is, heaven, earth and man. This paper tries to explore and interpret the formation and meaning of the relationship of heaven and earth in Zhou Yi regarding its development from a religion to a culture through the following aspects: the social structure of clans in the Shang Dynasty and the relationship between man and god in the culture of divination; the relationship between heaven and man in the West Zhou Dynasty; the thought about the relationship between heaven and man generated from the text of Zhou Yi; and the relationship between heaven and man in ”Yi Zhuan”.

並列關鍵字

Zhou Yi ； Yi Zhuan ； Relationship between Heaven and Man ； Matching Heaven with Virtue ； Three Powers ； Humanistic Consciousness

參考文獻

白川靜、溫天河譯、蔡哲茂譯(1977)。甲骨文的世界―古殷王朝的締構。台北:巨流圖書公司。

白川靜、溫天河譯、蔡哲茂譯(1989)。金文的世界－殷周社會史。台北:聯經出版社。

朱熹(1987)。周易本義。台北:世界書局。

朱伯崑(1991)。易學哲學史。台北:藍燈文化事業出版社。

李學勤(1992)。周易經傳溯源－從考古學、文學學看《周易》。長春:長春出版社。