再思聖多瑪斯的生態倫理

Reconsidering St. Thomas's Ecological Ethics

賴品超(Pan-Chiu Lai) ； 王濤(Tao Wang)

《哲學與文化》 37卷11期 (2010/11) Pp. 155-173

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.201011.0155

摘要

從表面上看，生多瑪斯，亞奎納的思想、尤其是他的靈魂觀，似乎表達了一種以人為中心的傾向，將人從自然中分離出來，漠視其他生物的價值，因此在當代的生態倫理論述中經常受到質疑或批評。然而，近年也有學者指出，包括聖多瑪斯在內的早期教父及中世紀神學家的觀念，對於當代的生態思考是十分重要的資源。此外，也有學者指出，聖多瑪斯的道德生態觀除了能肯定生物多樣性之外，更能提供一種支援生態正義的進路。本文旨在透過分析和檢視當代學者對聖多瑪斯的評論，一方面反思生態倫理中經常作出的以人為中心與以生態為中心兩種立場的對立二分，另一方面嘗試探討聖多瑪斯的生態倫理對中西文化、尤其是儒家與基督宗教的會通有何意義。

關鍵字

聖多瑪斯 ； 生態倫理 ； 耶儒對話

並列摘要

St. Thomas Aquinas's thought, especially his doctrine of soul, seems to express a kind of anthropocentrism that separates human being from Nature and thus disregards the value of other creatures. As a result, his position has often been queried and even criticized in contemporary discussion concerning ecological ethics. Recently, however, some scholars argue that the patristic and medieval thoughts, including St. Thomas's, can provide vital resources for the construction of contemporary ecological ethics. Some other scholars further suggest that St. Thomas's idea of moral ecology can confirm bio-diversity and support eco-justice. Through analyzing and reflecting on these seemingly contradictory evaluations of St. Thomas's ecological legacy, this article aims at (1) reconsidering the bifurcation of anthropocentrism and eco-centrism often made in contemporary ecological ethics, and (2) exploring the significance of St. Thomas's position for the communication between Chinese and Western cultures, especially the dialogue between Christianity and Confucianism.

並列關鍵字

St. Thomas Aquinas ； Christian-Confucian Dialogue ； Ecological Ethics

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