論賀麟新儒學之建構與反思

On the Construction and Reflection of Lin He's Neo-Confucian Philosophy

黃信二(Hsin-Er Huang)

《哲學與文化》 38卷5期 (2011/05) Pp. 71-88

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.201105.0071

摘要

賀麟是現代重要的中國哲學家和前期新儒家代表人物之一，他早年在北京清華受業於梁啟超門下，畢業後至美國奧柏林大學、哈佛大學留學；後為汲取歐洲思想精華再至德國柏林大學學習，其思想結合新黑格爾主義與陸王心學，創立了新心學思想體系。面對其數量龐大的理論，筆者嘗試透過其所論及之儒家哲學精神、中國哲學研究方法、哲學之定義與特性等角度，設法呈現賀麟對新儒學建構之要點。其次，在本文第二、第三部分，則就其理論中有關哲學之定位、哲學之範疇與功能，以及其所運用之直覺方法、本體論、邏輯之心，以及特殊的「有我」風格的哲學方法，對其理論之優點與其侷限性提出兩面俱呈的分析，探討為何賀麟思想在今日未受到應有重視，希能鑒往知來，進而思考現代新儒學未來之發展方向。

關鍵字

賀麟 ； 心學 ； 儒學現代化 ； 中國哲學方法論 ； 當代中國哲學家

並列摘要

Lin He was one of the most important philosophers, translators, philosophical historians and representatives of early New-Confucianism. Some scholars said that one could not really know how the circle of modern Chinese philosophy absorbed and digested western philosophy without understanding Lin He's academic achievements. In Lin He's mind, Confucianism was supposed to proceed in the direction of Confucianism as art, religion and philosophy as philosophy was supposed to be able to reconcile reason and faith, science and religion, aesthetics and morality. In accordance with the contemporary demand of inter-disciplinary integration, this view of Lin He's seems to impinge once again on the value of specialization and makes one re-consider it. With respect to the methodology, it is assumed here the greatest contribution of Lin He's thought is how his methodology appreciates history as well as the necessity of historical depth to the understanding of the subject's background. For instance, he boldly inquired the origin of Confucianism in the way philosophical anthropology approached myths and witchery, which was his new methodology to study Confucianism in the light of the macroscopic function of history. Furthermore, the most significant features of Lin He's thought were both the spirit of ”me being” in his philosophy and his emphasis on the ”relationship between man and nature.” This article is going to presents the main points of Lin He's doctrine from the perspectives of ”the spirit of Confucian philosophy,” ”the methodology of Chinese philosophy” and ”the definition and features of philosophy” as Lin He proposed. Then, in the end, the writer will present his own reflection and state how Lin He's thought inspired the modernization of contemporary Chinese philosophy.

並列關鍵字

Modernization of Confucianism ； Methodology of Chinese Philosophy ； Contemporary Chinese Philosophers ； Lin He

參考文獻

王思雋、李肅東(1995)。賀麟評傳。南昌:百花洲文藝出版社。

牟宗三(1970)。生命的學問。臺北:三民書局。

張學智(1992)。賀麟。臺北:東大圖書公司。

黃信二(2005)。哲學表達及其基礎。臺北:理得出版社。

賀麟(1989)。五十年來的中國哲學。瀋陽:遼寧教育出版社。