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試論老子倫理學之理論基礎、思維模式及特點

A Preliminary Investigation on the Theoretical Foundation, Ways of Thinking, and Characteristics of Laozi Ethics

摘要


道家是中國哲學儒、道、佛三教之一,而近年來關於「儒家倫理學」、「佛教倫理學」都有諸多研究成果發表,唯獨在「道家倫理學」的探究,一直少有系統性論述和專著;但此並不代表道家在倫理學見地上,沒有值得參照的觀點。本文即在此體認之下,試著就《老子》一書中之洞見,顯發《老子》哲學所可能蘊含的倫理學深意,而指出老子暨道家倫理學以「天道人德」相貫通為其理論基礎,並以動態式之辯證為道德思維模式,以及強調辯證過程中之反向觀照。倘若未能掌握老子辯證式的道德表述及思維特點,則不免誤解或曲解了老子,而視之為道德之消極者或陰謀家。相對的,若能依《老子》之「哲學洞見」開展出「哲學論述」,進而為道家倫理學作「哲學建構」,才不枉負《老子》稱為《道德經》之實。

關鍵字

道家 老子 倫理學 變化 辨證

並列摘要


Taoism is one of the mainstreams of Chinese Philosophy. Recently Confucian Ethics and Buddhist Ethics have lots of research outcomes. But it is a pity that the investigation of Taoist Ethics has limited development. This doesn't mean that Taoism have nothing to contribute to the discussion of ethical issues. In this paper I aim to discuss Taoist Ethics based on the philosophical insights of Laozi, revealing the moral implications of the core ideas of Laozi. By doing this, we may pave the way of the study of Taoist Ethics, so that 'Tao Te' Ching will be worthy of the name.

並列關鍵字

Taoism Laozi Ethics Tao Te Change Dialectics

參考文獻


宋程頤、宋程顥(1995)。二程集.遺書卷十五。臺北:里仁書局。
王博(1993)。老子思想的史官特色。臺北:文津出版社。
成中英(1985)。中國哲學範疇集。北京:人民出版社。
牟宗三(1975)。道家的「無」底智慧與境界形態的形上學。鵝湖月刊。1(4),5-10。
牟宗三(2002)。才性與玄理。臺北:學生書局。

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