八八水患災後心理療癒：排灣族受災者存有經驗的現象探索

Exploring Psychological Healing Experience of Paiwan Aboriginal Survivor after Typhoon Morakot: An Existential Phenomenology Approach

林耀盛(Yaw-Sheng LIN) ； 張維真(Wei-Chen CHANG)

《哲學與文化》 44卷8期 (2017/08) Pp. 85-102

摘要

研究目的：本文以哲學諮商與人文臨床心理學互動觀點，探究經歷八八風災受災原住民的災後心理療癒與存有經驗，並反思受創的文化意涵。研究方法：研究採取立意取樣，以受風災影響的臺東地區兩位排灣族女性原住民為研究參與者。每位進行一個半小時左右的訪談，資料蒐集後以現象學心理學方法分析。結果與討論：研究呈現的經驗置身結構，有三個互為關連的層次：（一）藉由重返家園生活而有築居思深感；（二）藉由時間性帶出關係的變與不變；（三）嘗試以行動轉化受苦經驗。這是從居家感受（空間處境）、度過受創（時態感知）、意義行動（智慧實踐）到心理療癒的過程。結語：本研究呈現原住民互生主體性的存有特徵與創傷文化意涵，包含創傷即治療的雙重性，以及時間與空間的重構，彰顯出存有苦難與生命尊嚴的人性價值，而不是病理化結構，進而帶出回到常態性居家感倫理作為的存有特徵。災難呈現危機亦是歸返古老智慧原型的轉機；進而如常生活，朝向變己適應的復原之路。

關鍵字

八八風災 ； 原住民 ； 災傷心理經驗 ； 現象學心理學

並列摘要

Purpose: This study adopted philosophical counseling view and humanistic clinical psychology to understand the aboriginal survivors' psychological healing experiences after Typhoon Morakot event. Method: Purposive sampling is used to recruit the participants from Tai-Tung County where was flooded by record-breaking heavy rain caused by Typhoon Morakot. Two female Paiwan participants from different tribes are interviewed once at least for 1.5 hour. The data analysis procedures are based on phenomenological psychology methodology. Results and Discussions: The results revealed that situated structures of the participants are three related layers. First, through returning to homely living, victims bring out the depth feeling of ＂Building, dwelling, Thinking＂. Second, temporality horizon is expanded through transformation of family relationships. Third, victims tried to take the ethical action to transform suffering. From this three healing route, the victims reach the comprehensive understanding in crisis through the tradition wisdom reconnection. It is manifested the meaning of pathic subjectivity in facing the traumatic event. Conclusion: This study is found the disaster is not only a crisis but an opportunity for recalling the tradition culture wisdom of the aboriginal survivors. Traditional diaspora cultures make the victims to view disaster as a part of ordinary life, and help them to adjust themselves.

並列關鍵字

Typhoon Morakot ； Aboriginal People ； Traumatic Psychological Experiences ； Phenomenological Psychology

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