從易學哲學的角度分析移動性社會及其倫理

Considerations on the Mobility Society and its Ethics from the Perspective of the Zhouyi Philosophy

尹錫珉(Seokmin YOON)

《哲學與文化》 47卷5期 (2020/05) Pp. 7-24

摘要

隨著交通工具和IT技術的迅速發展和融合，人、事物、機器等物質的移動以及資訊、思想、圖像等非物質的移動占據了人類社會的時間和空間。由此，我們再次證實了過去從未體驗過的移動的普遍性。不論古今內外，哲學上運動的普遍性和存在的運動性，都是極為重要的問題。尤其是東亞的易學哲學長久以來一直都在探討人類社會的運動、變化及其倫理問題。《易緯》中所提到的變易和不變的概念非常適合於用來解釋Mobility社會。可以說，《周易》的爻體作為變易性的實體是個移動主體，爻位則作為不易性的實體是個使得爻體上下往來的移動場所。爻體通過認識作為具體的時空間的爻位而移動。即：爻體對爻位的非場所性進行反思，以倫理實踐獲得爻位的場所性。爻體對爻位的認識，通過反思和倫理實踐而成為可能；其移動也由此變得可能。就像爻體自覺到爻位的場所性那樣，移動的主體會領悟到移動場所的意義。值得我們關注的是，爻體的反思和倫理實踐是以吉凶悔吝等占辭的可變性而呈現出來的。即：占辭的可變性引導了爻體的反思與倫理實踐。總而言之，如果說移動權力的平等、公民參與是Mobility社會共同體應當要實現的義務和權力的話，那麼在易學哲學中，對爻體提出要求的反思和倫理實踐就會成為實現這種義務和權力的移動主體的動力。

關鍵字

移動性 ； 變易 ； 不易 ； 爻體 ； 爻位

並列摘要

With the rapid development and convergence of transportation and IT technologies, the material movement of people, objects, and machines, as well as the immaterial movement of information, thoughts, and images, overwhelmingly fill up the space and time of human society. Consequently, we are witnessing the unprecedented ubiquity of mobility. In philosophy, the universality of movement and the motility of existence has been one of the main themes for all times and places. In particular, Zhouyi Philosophy in East Asia has long dealt with ethical issues of human society with the weltanschauung of movement and change. In the Zhouyi texts, Yaoti (爻體) can be deemed the substance of changeability, while Yaowei (爻位) is construed as the substance of unchangeability that enables the upward and downward mobility of Yaoti. Yaoti initiates mobility by through the awareness of Yaewei as the place of concrete space-time. Put differently, Yaoti acquires the placeness of Yaowei through the reflection on the placelessness of Yaowei and through the relevant ethical practiceIn the same manner as the Yaeti recognizes the placeness of Yaowei, the moving subjects come to learn the meaning of the place. Moreover, in the Zhouyi text, the reflective thinking and ethical practice of Yaoti allows the changeability of divining statements, such as good or ill luck. That being the case, the changeability of divining statements is nothing but the effects of the reflective thinking and ethical practice of Yaoti. If the equality of mobility power and the relevant participation of citizens are the duties and rights of the communities in the mobility society, the reflective thinking and ethical practice of Yaoti in the Zhouyi Philosophy has the potential to empower the moving subjects to activate the duties and rights of the communities.

並列關鍵字

Mobility ； Changeability ； Unchangeability ； Yaoti ； Yaowei

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