道教靈寶齋法的再考察

A Re-examination of the Taoist Lingbao Zhai Rituals

張澤洪(Zehong ZHANG)

《哲學與文化》 47卷7期 (2020/07) Pp. 177-192

摘要

靈寶派是魏晉南北朝時期興起於江南的道派，其創行的靈寶齋法是道教採用的主要祭祀儀式。本文考察靈寶的涵義及靈寶齋法的源流，道門對靈寶經和靈寶法的聖化，並分析靈寶齋法成為道教齋醮科儀主流的原因。靈寶齋法豐富的壇場威儀與科儀格式，適應了封建王朝和社會大眾祈求國泰民安、風調雨順的祭祀需求。內涵豐富的靈寶齋法為道教各派所採用，並在中古史上長期行用於齋醮法壇。靈寶齋法以儀式活動踐行《度人經》的宗旨，通過壇場科儀表達濟生度死、濟世度人的大道情懷，靈寶齋法以儀式象徵生動演繹道教之道的思想。

關鍵字

道教 ； 靈寶齋法 ； 科儀 ； 濟世度人

並列摘要

The Lingbao School (Numinous Treasure) was an important Taoist school that emerged in China in between the Wei, Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Lingbao Retreats are essential rituals in taoism. This article examines the meaning of Lingbao and its origin, the sanctification of the Lingbao Scripture and the Lingbao rituals by Taoism, and analyzes the reasons why the Lingbao Zhai rituals became the mainstream of Taoist Rules and Observances. The rich format of the Lingbao Zhai rituals meets the sacrifice needs of the feudal dynasty and the general public for praying for national peace and good weather. Lingbao Zhai rituals were adopted by various Taoist schools and has been used in the Zhai an Jiao altar for a long time in medieval history. The Lingbao Zhai rituals practiced the purpose of the Scripture of Salvation through ritual activities, and expressed the feelings of saving lives and saving people through the Rules and Observances.

並列關鍵字

Taoism ； Lingbao Zhai Rituals ； Rules and Observances ； Salvation

參考文獻

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