影響機動車事故傷患頭部外傷之相關因素--花蓮市某兩所教學醫院急診傷患為例

Motor Vehicle-related Head Injuries at Two Regional Hospitals in Hualien City

李燕鳴(Yin-Ming Li) ； 白璐(Lu Pai) ； 黃勝雄(Peter S. Huang)

《慈濟醫學雜誌》 11卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 51-60

https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.199903.0051

摘要

機動車交通傷害是花蓮地區之重要傷亡原因，過去調查發現其原因為駕駛人戴安全帽或繫安全帶的比例不高和酒後駕駛也不少，故風險駕駛行為可能是重要因素。本文目的要調查傷者之人口學特性、血中酒精濃度、事故類型；探討影響頭部外傷的重要因素和評估風險駕駛的現況。於民國86年12月至87年5月間 ，登錄花蓮市內兩所教學醫院的急診車禍傷者相關資料。護理人員登錄受傷部位和嚴重度，並抽取血液檢體檢驗血中酒精濃度。結果共回收有效登錄表 997份 (男性617份，女性380份)，78.9%是駕駛人，車輛以機車最多(65.1%)，半數是有頭部外傷；從邏輯迴歸分析中影響頭部外傷的重要因素是沒戴安全帽、未繫安全帶和明顯有酒味。機車駕駛人中48.1%沒戴安全帽、54.4%呈血液酒精陽性和36.4%達危險駕駛的標準。四輪車駕駛人中更是83.6%沒繫安全帶、72.6%血液酒精陽性和45.7%是達危險駕駛標準，可見風險駕駛情形普遍，建議創傷中心實施行為改變及追蹤計劃，加強預防事故的再次發生。

關鍵字

機動車事故 ； 頭部外傷 ； 血中酒精濃度 ； 風險駕駛 ； 花蓮市

並列摘要

Motor vehicle-related injuries have been the major cause of death and injuries in Hualien District. According to previous studies, failure to wear helmets or seatbelts was common, and driving while under the influence of alcohol was not rare. Risky driving behavior may be the major cause of these injuries. The aim of this paper was to assess demographic characteristics of the injured, blood alcohol levels, types of accidents, factors associated with head injury and the prevalence of risky driving behaviors. From December 1997 through May 1998, we recorded the vehicle-related injuries from the emergency departments of two teaching hospitals in Hualien City. Nurses recorded the injured anatomy, severity and took blood samples for blood alcohol level. O f 997 recorded injuries (male 617, female 380), 78.9% were drivers, most (65.1%) were motorcyclists, and half of them had head injuries. The most important factors associated with head injuries were failure to wear a helmet, or seatbelt and alcohol consumption. Of the 576 motorcyclists, 48.1% did not wear a helmet, 54.4% of the injured tested positive for blood-alcohol and 36.4% had blood-alcohol levels above the legal limits. Of 171 four-wheeled vehicle drivers, 83.6% were drivers who did not wear seat belts, 72.6% tested positive for blood-alcohol and 45.7% were above the legal limits for blood-alcohol levels. Risky driving behaviors were common. We recommend an intervention program be implemented at trauma centers to prevent repeated injuries.

並列關鍵字

notor vehicle injuries ； head injury ； blood alcohol level ； risky driving behavior ； Hualien City