心肺復甦術的演變

The Evolution of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

胡勝川(Sheng-Chuan Hu)

《慈濟醫學雜誌》 13卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. 143-149

https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.200109.0143

摘要

適時的給予心臟停止病心肺復甦術(cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR)，可以救活一條人命，是普世都已熟知的常識。然而在我們的國度裡，仍有很多民眾因各種原因未在關鍵時刻給予救命的處置，以致我國到院前心臟停止病人的救活率，比起先進國家低得甚多。雖然自1960年起，我國已開始實施緊急醫療救護服務(emergency medical services, EMS)，同時推廣CPR技術於一般民眾。時至今日，仍有為數不少的路人，當看到有人倒地不起，不知、不願、或不敢做CPR，其背後因素可歸納為：怕法律糾紛、怕傳染疾病、以及沒有信心。因此，全世界的CPR專家，都在思索一更簡單、更有效的CPR方法。大家所熟知的現代CPR技術，自1960年發明以來，不斷的改變，朝向愈來愈簡單、好記、又有效。科學的進展與經的累積，加上實證醫學的驗證，說明了「生命之鍊」是急救病人成功的不二法門。各地EMS的設計可以不同，只要能達到4個早期的目的，就是一個好的EMS制度。我國鄉村及都市地區的EMS各有其特徵，根據其特徵發展出特殊的EMS制度，是我們的方向。俾達成實施緊急醫療救護最大的目的－提高到院前死亡的救活率。

關鍵字

復甦術 ； 心肺復甦術 ； 緊急醫療救護

並列摘要

It has been well documented that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) saves lives in cardiac arrest patients. However, in this country, few people are able to perform this life saving procedure appropriately, resulting in an extremely low survival rate compared with that in the United States. Although we have implemented formal emergency medical services (EMS) and taught CPR to the general public, many bystanders are still unwilling to do CPR upon seeing a collapsed patient. This could be due to fear of infectious disease transmission, fear of lawsuits or lack of confidence. Therefore, researchers are striving to find easier and more effective CPR methods. Modern CPR techniques was developed in 1960, and have been changed many times, to make CPR more effective and easier to perform and to help practitioners retain their skills. Evidence-based medicine has proved that the ”chain of survival” is the key to saving a life in cardiac arrest. A well designed EMS system can achieve this. No matter how it is designed, a good EMS system must reach the four links of the chain: early access, early CPR, early defibrillation and early ACLS. The characteristics of EMS in both urban and rural Taiwan are unique. Therefore, we should develop a different EMS system in each community based on the characteristics of that community to improve the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

並列關鍵字

resuscitation ； cardiopulmonary resuscitation ； CPR ； emergency medical services ； EMS