Medical applications for ionizing radiation, such as radiology, intervention radiology, clinical nuclear medicine and radiation oncology, are an important part of modern medicine. With this continuous development of the medical uses of ionizing radiation, however, radiological protection has become one of the most important branches in the field of radiation protection. Radiological protection for ionizing radiation covers occupational, medical and public exposure, as well as exposure risk. In order to achieve effective radiological protection in the medical application of ionizing radiation in China, the key task is to establish and perfect a standard system for radiological protection.