台中市社會空間之研究

Social Space of Taichung City

何友鋒(Yu-Feng Ho) ； 廖秀蓉(Xiu-Rong Liao)

《建築學報》 42期 (2003/01) Pp. 11-23

https://doi.org/10.6377/JA.200301.0011

摘要

台中市近年來受到人口大量成長與居民收入差距增大的影響，導致社會空間分化現象愈趨強烈。社會分化在都市實質空間中形成居住分化現象，不同等級的住宅分布在都市住宅區中，除了反映社會階層在空間分布上的差異，也突顯了社會資源分配不均的狀況。本研究目的在探討台中市社會空間分化的主因及狀態，擬以社會地區分析及因子生態分析作為理論基礎，採用因子分析找出台中市社會空間變異的主要支配因素，並以群落分析進行實質分布狀況分析。研究結果顯示「中高收入人士」、「青年移民」、「窳陋社區居民」、「老年就業人士」、「中低收入人士」、「老舊眷村居民」、「軍警公教人士」等居民的社經地位及家庭形式是台中市社會空間分化的支配性因素，而社會族群、都市化因素的影響較少。共分化為四個住宅群落，其中「低收入住宅區」群落分布在距離市中心2公里以內的內環地區，「中低收入住宅區」分布地區以南區為主，「中高收入住宅區」以南屯及西屯為主要聚居地區，而「高收入住宅區」多群聚在全國商圈範圍內。比較1989年與1999年台中市實質空間分佈情況，發現其社會空間結構起了顯著的變化。

關鍵字

社會空間分化 ； 因子生態分析 ； 因子分析 ； 群落分析

並列摘要

Recently, the substance of social space has been influenced due to the growing of population and differential of income in Taichung and it has resulted in residential differentiation. Therefore, the phenomenon has reflected in the discrepancy of social space as well as the unequal distribution of social resource. The purpose of the study is to find out the reasons and condition on the differentiation of social space of Taichung. So these issues are applied through ”factorial analysis” to determine the causes of the social differentiation of Taichung, which is based on the theories of ”Social area analysis” and ”Urban factorial ecology”. And then, using ”Cluster analysis” examine the differentiation condition of social space. The results show that the cause-factors of social differentiation of Taichung exceptionally are affected by the economic condition. The cause-factors of social differentiation are ”the characteristics of occupations and composition of the population”, ”the characteristics of migrant population”, ”the social-economic group of high income family”, ”the slum communities”, ”the social-economic group of middle income family”, ”the retirement population”, ”the lack of green spaces and public facilities” and ”the social-economic group of low income family”. And that have divided Taichung city into four groups: 1.”The low-income residential area” is distributed in the inner city area of Taichung city; 2.”The middle low-income residential area” is mainly located in the southern part of Taichung city; 3.”The middle-high income residential area” is established around the suburban area which provides large open spaces; 4.”The high-income residential area” gathers in the Quan-Guo commercial area. Comparing the space stuectures of Taichung City in 1989 and 1999, it is found that the social space pattern has been changed quite a lot.

並列關鍵字

Differentiation of the social space ； Urban factorial ecology ； Factorial analysis ； Cluster analysis

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