『形隨評析』－以空間型構理論與形態運算衍生為基礎之參數式設計方法

＂Form Follows Evaluation＂--A Parametric Design Method Based on Space Syntax Theory and Form Computing Generation

劉秉承(Benson P. C. Liu)

《建築學報》 96期_S (2016/09) Pp. 27-49

https://doi.org/10.3966/101632122016090096008

摘要

英國倫敦大學Bill Hillier教授所創可量化空間資訊(空間單元組構之使用度、動線之便捷度、人潮移動之群聚模擬…等)之空間型構理論(space syntax)，可在實質環境被建置之前或之後，預測將來空間使用行為分佈傾向。本研究擬以此理論為基礎，結合參數式形態衍生，將之轉化成為一種『形隨評析』之參數式形態設計方法。藉由衍生式參數形態設計之分析資訊的輸入、參數的重新定義、空間元件之建構，創造出空間形式。文中討論空間單元配置型態（樹狀、環狀連結，對稱、不對稱之空間組織關係）與型構智慧性（spatial intelligibility，型構理論中之深層組構自明性，此參數可判斷空間組構是否為迷宮）兩者之關係，並提出一套從虛空間單元組構衍生成實體空間量體的參數式設計方法。文末，以實地展覽行為分佈觀測比對分析結果，以此檢證行為分佈預測之準確度。

關鍵字

空間型構理論 ； 行為分佈預測 ； 型構智慧性 ； 參數式形態衍生 ； 形隨評析

並列摘要

Spatial information can be quantified based on Space syntax theory created by UCL Professor Bill Hillier by its spatial analytical tool (convex space, axial lines, crowds moving, etc.), so that the future spatial use tendency can be predicted before or after space built. In this study, this theory is turned into a spatial parametric shaping design method of ＂Form Follows Evaluation＂, which offers designers exploring on spatial form in terms of space use patterns. In generative parametric modeling, the spatial form creating can be constructed by the input information to redefine the parameters of spatial components. This paper discussed the relationship between the pattern form of spatial configurations (tree and ring patterns of spatial linking types, symmetry or asymmetry of the spatial unites) and spatial intelligibility, the parameter of space syntax, which can determine the spatial configuration will be the maze or not) and proposed a parametric design method which generated entity space from the virtual spatial configurations. Finally, this paper compared the observation of user distribution of realexhibition with the analysis results, to verify the accuracy of behavioral tendency prediction.

並列關鍵字

Space Syntax ； Behavioral Tendency Prediction ； Spatial Intelligibility ； Parametric Form Generation ； Form Follows Evaluation

參考文獻

劉育東譯Mitchell, W. J.(1995)。建築的設計思考。台北市=Taipei:胡氏圖書=Hu's Books。

蘇智鋒(1999)。空間形態之內在組構邏輯─SpaceSyntax（空間型構法則分析）之介紹。建築向度－設計與理論。創刊號=First Issue，43-53。

Hillier, B.(1996).Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.

Hillier, B.,Hanson, J.(1984).The Social Logic of Space.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.

Jones, J. C.(1970).Design Methods: Seeds of Human Futures.London, UK:Wiley-Interscience Press.