彰化地區學齡兒童尿床盛行率調查及其相關因子之探討

Enuresis: Prevalence and Related Factors among Primary School Children in Changhua

張玉君(Yu-Jun Chang) ； 戴慧龍(Hui-Lung Tai) ； 黃勝賢(Sheng-Hsien Huang) ； 林介山(Je-Sun Lin) ； 張進寶(Chin-Pao Chang) ； 王世叡(Soo-Ray Wang) ； 郭守仁(Shou-Jen Kuo) ； 周明智(Ming-Chih Chou)

《臺灣泌尿科醫學會雜誌》 15卷2期 (2004/06) Pp. 51-58

摘要

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and the related factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among 6-12 year-old school children in Taiwan.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from elementary schools in each district of Changhua County (which is located in the middle of Taiwan). Nocturnal enuresis was defined as having at least one wet night in the recent 6 months. We used stratified random sampling to select 2 schools from each district for a total of 26 districts in Changhua County, and then took cluster sampling to choose 1 class in each of six grades of these selected schools and all students in the selected class were invited to participate in the study. Totally 9,228 questionnaires were sent to 46 schools in 26 districts. The questionnaires were distributed by the school nurses, filled in by the parents and returned by mail.
Results: The overall response rate was 92.1%. Nocturnal enuresis was reported in 591 (7.0%) of the children (boys 8.2%, girls 5.7%, p＜0.001). Nocturnal enuresis was statistically correlated with age, male gender, deep sleep, family history, personality of the child (very introverted or hyperactive) and the youngest child in a family. Besides, nocturnal enuresis was also found to be associated with children’s personal history of fecal soiling, constipation, nightmares, urinary tract infection, urinary frequency, avoidance of voiding in the day time and drinking before sleep. Nocturnal enuresis was not statistically related to parental education, occupation and separated family. Fifty-eight percent of the parents thought their child will grow out of bedwetting without any intervention, but 53.1% of the bedwetting children had plummeting self esteem due to nocturnal enuresis.
Conclusions: From our investigations, the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis is almost the same as other reports. The difference may arise from different definition of nocturnal enuresis. Male gender, deep sleep, heredity and age are considered important factors associated with enuresis in all reports. But different results were reported with related factors such as parents’ education and occupation, separated family, constipation, etc. The stress accompanying nocturnal enuresis may affect a person’s self-esteem and lead to withdrawal from social activity. The investigations provide sufficient attention to both parents and children and searching treatment accordingly.

關鍵字

尿床 ； 盛行率

並列摘要

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and the related factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among 6-12 year-old school children in Taiwan.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from elementary schools in each district of Changhua County (which is located in the middle of Taiwan). Nocturnal enuresis was defined as having at least one wet night in the recent 6 months. We used stratified random sampling to select 2 schools from each district for a total of 26 districts in Changhua County, and then took cluster sampling to choose 1 class in each of six grades of these selected schools and all students in the selected class were invited to participate in the study. Totally 9,228 questionnaires were sent to 46 schools in 26 districts. The questionnaires were distributed by the school nurses, filled in by the parents and returned by mail.
Results: The overall response rate was 92.1%. Nocturnal enuresis was reported in 591 (7.0%) of the children (boys 8.2%, girls 5.7%, p＜0.001). Nocturnal enuresis was statistically correlated with age, male gender, deep sleep, family history, personality of the child (very introverted or hyperactive) and the youngest child in a family. Besides, nocturnal enuresis was also found to be associated with children’s personal history of fecal soiling, constipation, nightmares, urinary tract infection, urinary frequency, avoidance of voiding in the day time and drinking before sleep. Nocturnal enuresis was not statistically related to parental education, occupation and separated family. Fifty-eight percent of the parents thought their child will grow out of bedwetting without any intervention, but 53.1% of the bedwetting children had plummeting self esteem due to nocturnal enuresis.
Conclusions: From our investigations, the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis is almost the same as other reports. The difference may arise from different definition of nocturnal enuresis. Male gender, deep sleep, heredity and age are considered important factors associated with enuresis in all reports. But different results were reported with related factors such as parents’ education and occupation, separated family, constipation, etc. The stress accompanying nocturnal enuresis may affect a person’s self-esteem and lead to withdrawal from social activity. The investigations provide sufficient attention to both parents and children and searching treatment accordingly.

並列關鍵字

nocturnal enuresis ； prevalence