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新的超級細菌在台灣-具碳青黴烯抗藥性之腸桿菌科細菌

Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a New Superbug in Taiwan

摘要


腸桿菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)是臨床上十分重要的致病菌,其中包括克雷伯氏肺炎菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)與大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli),可造成社區或醫療相關感染。在2010年台灣出現帶有K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)與New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase- 1(NDM-1)的具碳青黴烯類抗生素(carbapenem)抗藥性克雷伯氏肺炎菌,這些具碳青黴烯抗藥性腸桿菌科細菌(CRE)常具有多重抗藥性,因為缺乏有效治療之藥物,形成臨床治療上的一大問題。雖然台灣地區目前CRE的主要抗藥性機轉為菌株同時有廣效性乙內醯胺酶Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)(如 CTX-M或SHV基因型)或/並有AmpC型乙內醯胺酶(Amp-C beta-lactamase),並帶有某些外膜蛋白的遺失.然而帶有碳青黴烯酶(carbapenemase)的腸桿菌科細菌,因為抗藥性基因大多位於質體上,可以傳播給其它細菌,所以容易造成碳青黴烯抗藥性的快速散播。因此,對於有效的檢驗與治療CRE感染,並在醫院層級加強對CRE進行預防與管制,才能有效治療CRE感染者,減少CRE的傳播,從而降低CRE對臨床與病患的傷害與衝擊。

並列摘要


Enterobacteriaceae which includes Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are clinically important for causing community and hospital acquired infections. In 2010, KPC-2 or NDM-1 producing carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae emerged in Taiwan. Because the carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) usually possess multi-drug resistance, the paucity of antimicrobial options raises serious concern. Though the most common resistance mechanism of CRE in Taiwan is the combination of ESBL (e. g. CTX-M or SHV) and/or Amp-C beta-lactamase and outer membrane loss, clinicians should notice that the emerging carbapenemase gene is usually located in plasmids which may transmit between bacterial isolates and cause rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. To face the threat of CRE, the laboratory testing and adequate treatment of CRE is required to treat patients. The prevention and infection control measures for CRE should be reinforced in hospitals.

被引用紀錄


林佳玉、成宜玳、黃云菡、侯宥如(2022)。提升主要照護者對多重抗藥性菌種防護執行正確率高雄護理雜誌39(2),52-64。https://doi.org/10.6692/KJN.202208_39(2).0005
溫宛虹、黃弘暄、張嘉旆、武香君、許心恬、蔡璧光(2020)。提升照顧者執行接觸隔離防護措施正確率領導護理21(2),86-100。https://doi.org/10.29494/LN.202006_21(2).0008
簡百秀(2017)。兒童菌血症、抗微生物藥物抗藥性與處方型態分析:前瞻性觀察之前驅研究〔碩士論文,國立成功大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0026-0006202200000081

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