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人類免疫缺乏病毒感染者慢性C型肝炎在臺灣之流行病學及臨床處置

Epidemiology and Management of Chronic HCV and HIV Co-infection in Taiwan

摘要


人類免疫缺乏病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)與C型肝炎都是重要的公共衛生問題,兩者因為有相同的傳染途徑,所以HIV感染者有較高的比率合併C型肝炎病毒感染。HIV感染者合併C型肝炎比一般C肝患者較早發生代償不全之肝硬化、肝癌、及死亡。HIV感染者的C型肝炎盛行率因危險因子不同而不同,在臺灣整體約18.6%,在注射藥癮者約94%,在男男同性戀族群約為3.5%,在異性戀患者約為10.9%。在注射藥癮者常見基因型與一般族群不同,為1a、6a、3a。直接抗病毒藥物(direct antiviral agents, DAA)在HIV感染者療效與一般族群相當,然而HIV感染者有較高之再感染率,尤其在男男同性戀族群,再感染的發生率為每100追蹤人年有8.2人次感染,危險因子為新近的梅毒感染。定期篩檢、直接抗病毒藥物治療、教育、與特殊族群的減害計畫需同時進行,才能有效防治HIV的C型肝炎。

並列摘要


Hepatits C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HCV share the same transmission route, the prevalence of HCV infection in HIV patient is higher than the general population. The overall prevalence of HCV infection among HIV- infected individuals in Taiwan was 18.6%. The HCV seroprevalance among injection drug users, men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals was 94%, 3.5% and 10.9% respectively. The incidence rate of HCV reinfection among HIV-infected MSM was 8.2 per 100-person-years of follow-up. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir and Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir are highly effective pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral treatment for HIV/HCV coinfection.

並列關鍵字

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