銅觸媒成長奈米碳管機制探討

Growth Mechanism of Carbon Nanotubes over Copper Catalysts

林建宏 ； 曾志彥 ； 林雍植

《真空科技》 32卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 37-45

摘要

奈米碳管（Carbon Nanotubes-CNTs）自1991年日本飯島澄男（S. Iijima）發現以來，歷經27個年頭，過去發表的文獻數以萬計，從基礎研究到應用領域都有非常詳細的探討。對於奈米碳管的生成機理（Growth Mechanism），過去也有不少的論述，特別是氣相－液相－固相（Vapor-Liquid-Solid-VLS）的成長模式。一般闡述奈米碳管成長過程的重要機理，特別是以鐵族金屬為主的觸媒作為成長奈米碳管的催化劑時，VLS模式是最常被引用的模式。但自2006年後，漸有學者發現，非鐵族金屬，如銅（Cu）、銀（Ag）、金（Au）、白金（Pt）⋯等，甚至是非金屬，如碳黑（Carbon Black）、鑽石（Diamond）、矽（Si）⋯等，都可以成長奈米碳管，所以也打破了過去大家習知的奈米碳管所用的VLS模式，而是建立新的成長途徑－氣相－固相－表面固相（Vapor Solid Surface Solid-VSSS）機理。本文便綜合討論近年來以銅觸媒成長奈米碳管的各種條件及參數的控制，希望提供相關研究學者對於奈米碳管成長模式的新觀點及視野。

關鍵字

銅觸媒 ； 奈米碳管 ； 成長機理

並列摘要

Since 1991 discovered by S. Iijima, carbon nanotubes-CNTs have been studied more than 27 years. The detailed description of CNTs from fundamental researches to industrial applications have been discussed more than ten-thousand articles. Generally, vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) is a typical model to reveal the growth mechanism of CNTs, especially, while the iron-group metals were used as the catalysts. However, from 2006, several researchers found non-iron group metals, e.g. Cu, Ag, Au, and Pt, can grow CNTs as well as the non-metal elements, e.g. carbon black, diamond, and silicon. Recently, a new vapor solid surface solid (VSSS) model for CNT growth have been wildly accepted using non-iron group elements. Here, we review several reports for the growth of CNTs over copper catalysts, and hope to provide new insights for CNT growth mechanism.

並列關鍵字

copper catalysts ； carbon nanotubes ； growth mechanism