Recently, the research in aqueous zinc ion battery is blooming due to high safety, low-cost, eco-friendly as well as displaying the feasibility and reliability. As a potential alternative to energy storage in next generation, aqueous battery has dragged considerable attention due to the gradual decrease of fossil fuel resources. Whereas, there are lots of problem needed to be addressed, such as the dendrite growth happened in anode and lack of suitable materials as cathode. Herein, this article briefly and systematically introduced the development of aqueous battery from basic mechanism to present challenges and future perspectives.